Порівняльний аналіз морфологічних змін бурси Фабріциуса у курчат при різних схемах антибактеріальної терапії

Abstract

У статті приведено дані, отримані в ході досліду, що з'ясовує вплив профілактичних обробок, одним і кількома антибактеріальними препаратами, а також пробіотиком «Болмол» на морфологічний стан бурси Фабріциуса у курчат.

В статье приведены данные, полученные в ходе опыта, который выясняет влияние профилактических обработок, одним и несколькими антибактериальными препаратами, а также пробиотиком «Болмол» на морфологическое состояние бурсы Фабрициуса у цыплят.

The maximum number of products at the lowest cost - is the main thing, what modern poultry industry can be characterized. One of the most pressing problems at the moment is early antibiotic therapy and the associated safety of young poultry early age. In this regard, of particular interest for this study is how the most widely used antibacterial drugs effects on the one of key organs of the immune system — thymus. The article presents the data obtained in the course of the experiment, which determines how preventive treatment schemes, that includes usage single and multiple antibacterial drugs, influenced on the morphological status of bursa of Fabricius. We selected scheme and a combination of antibacterial drugs have not been studied previously. That was compared with the usage of probiotic «Bolmol» at the same treatment scheme. A comparison of morpho-functional state of the bursa of Fabricius of chickens 15-, 22- and 41-days-old, when applying several treatments schemes. The schemes of treatment included: the usage of one or two antibiotics during the cycle, compared with the usage of probiotic. We made the conclusions about the absence of the negative impact of selected drugs on the morphofunctional state of the bursa of Fabricius and the positive effect of probiotic «Bolmol». As a result of degenerative changes follicle folds bursa Fabricius decreased in size thus the mucous membrane of epithelial layer is formed deep folds. Pathological status of bursa was corresponded to the fifth stage of immunodeficiency. Further, these changes progressed, cortical substance became thinner, cortical substance mucosal epithelium becomes columnar, it took place the mucous degeneration, resulting in central follicles initially formed small blisters that merged to form a cavity cysts. Changes in the Bursa Fabricius were slightly more pronounced in chickens which to stage repeated antibiotic treatment was replaced with an antibiotic. The most pronounced changes were on the 41 day study, when a large number of lymphoid follicles were damaged. After antibiotic treatment a 15-day-old chicks in the central organs immunogenesis occurred pathological changes: reducing the size and entry oval follicles. The chickens that received probiotic “Bolmol” almost all terms of studies have better morphofunctional growth of the bursa of Fabricius. It was corresponded for age and coincided with the control group. That is probiotic Bolmol affected stimulating effect on the functional activity of the bursa of chickens that was oppressioned by atibacterial drugs as a result of treatment. This indicates a positive effect of probiotic Bolmol compared with antibacterial agents which were chosen. Thus, these data demonstrate that usage of probiotics in cyclic schemes of antibiotic prophylaxis contribute to the normal development of the bursa of Fabricius, which in turn leads to increased resistance and preservation of poultry.