Рассеивание мелкодисперсной пыли кондитерского предприятия за пределами санитарно-защитной зоны

Abstract

Исследовано распространение в городской атмосфере выбросов мелкодисперсной органической пыли кондитерского производства. Определено, что за пределам и санитарно-защитной зоны концентрации пыли какао и пыли недифференцированной по составу превышают нормативно допустимый уровень ЕС. Для интенсификации очистки выбросов предложено укрупнение частиц пыли.

The spread of fine organic dust (10 microns, 2.5 microns and smaller) from confectionery factory to the urban atmosphere has been investigated, as it is harmful to health and the environment. The determination of contamination territory level with environmentally hazardous fine organic dust near a confectionery factory is an important task in determining its environmental safety for urban areas. The purpose of the work is complex analysis of atmospheric surface layer pollution by fine organic dust from confectionery factory in the territory bordering the sanitary protection zone (SPZ). Determination of the contamination concentration was carried out using three independent methods: particles concentration direct measurement in the atmospheric surface layer, indirect measurement (study of snow cover samples), atmospheric dispersion modeling (mathematical simulation of how air pollutants disperse in the ambient atmosphere). Particle size distribution analysis of dust (flour, starch, sugar and cocoa), from the confectionery factory, showed a predominance of fine particle with a size of PM2.5 and PM10 Studying undifferentiated dust (PM10) through different methods showed that the concentration values are comparable. Concentration values obtained by particles concentration direct measurement in the atmospheric surface layer are comparable with the values obtained indirect measurement (on the content of dust in the snow cover) and with the values obtained by atmospheric dispersion modeling. The results of direct and indirect measurements of PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations in the atmospheric surface layer on the border sanitary protection zone of the confectionery factory, as well as atmospheric dispersion modeling have revealed excess of maximum permissible concentrations of these particles according to the norms used in the EU. To solve the ecological problem of urban atmosphere pollution with environmentally hazardous fine organic dust from the confectionery factory it is necessary to improve the process of cleaning dust emissions The method of dust coarsening is the most promising solution providers in the field of atmospheric air protection from fine dust.