Сучасний стан людського потенціалу України: регіональний розріз

Abstract

У статті досліджуються сучасний стан людського потенціалу України в регіональному розрізі. В результаті дослідження встановлено напрямки розвитку людського потенціалу регіонів України, який забезпечується інвестиціями у людський капітал. Визначений сучасний стан людського потенціалу, який залежить від ситуації на ринку праці. Зроблено дослідження неформального сектору працевлаштування, який є більш привабливим для осіб з низьким рівнем освіти. Встановлено, що неформальний сектор працевлаштування здебільшого заповнений працівниками найпростіших професій, тих хто займається фізичною або некваліфікованою працею.

The demographic component serves as the main imperative for assessing the level of development of human capital and the main factor in the socio-economic development of regions and the country as a whole. For a long period of time in Ukraine there is a depopulation of the population.One of the main values of society is the health of the population. The state of health affects all spheres of human life. The high potential of physical, mental and mental capacity is the most important condition for full human life. Qualitative characteristics of health largely determine the way and style of human life: the level of social, economic and labor activity, attracting people to the achievements of science, culture, art, the way of spending free time, etc. At the same time, human lifestyle, the level of its activity in work, everyday life, leisure in the reverse order affect its health. The state of health of the population of Ukraine can not be characterized by one statistical indicator. "The mortality rate (life expectancy, probability of survival) is also an integrated characteristic of conditions in which human life and development take place. They accumulate the influence of the state of medical and social well-being in the country, the working conditions, the environmental situation, etc." For a comprehensive description of human development, it is necessary to use a set of indicators, including the number of deceased children under the age of 1 year and the infant mortality rate Key words: potential, human capital, informal sector, unemployment rate.The structure of formal employment is dominated by persons with a low level of education (educational level), and the structure of informal employment is dominated by persons with higher education. Thus, the informal employment sector is more attractive to people with a low level of education. In addition, the informal sector of employment is mostly filled by the workers of the simplest professions, those engaged in physical or unskilled labor.The development of human potential of the regions of Ukraine should be ensured by investments in human capital. In order to strengthen human capital, the directions of use of investment funds can be: the development of entrepreneurship; training, retraining and advanced training of specialists necessary for professions in the region; development of higher education and science; raising the cultural and educational level of the population, etc.