Сучасні тенденції розвитку регіонів України

Abstract

Досліджено сучасний соціально-економічний стан регіонів України та особливості їх розвитку за 2000–2014 рр. Проаналізовано валовий регіональний продукт України та валовий регіональний продукт на одну особу. Запропоновано методику розподілу регіонів України за обсягом ВРП.

Relations between the center and regions are always fatal for the development of the country as a whole. They both determine the state system, and have a decisive impact on the people welfare. Lack of their own balanced regional policy in the past resulted in significant disparities in the territorial structure of Ukrainian economy, inefficient use of the advantages of territorial division of labor, natural resources, scientific and industrial potential of the regions, excessive pollution in many cities and regions. Over the period Ukraine has become a state with dominating raw component in the production and exports, and low value-added goods and services. In 2009, exports of goods declined, including twice reduced the volume of exports of steel products, representing over 25% of total exports and industrial production. The result of these trends is to reduce gross regional product per capita after the ten-year increase of 3.8%. These stages showed different levels of adaptation to the challenges of our regions, outdated and inefficient structure of regional economies. In particular, the regions of industrial and industrial-agrarian economies were the first who felt the ramifications of 2008 global financial crisis (Dnipropetrovsk, Donetsk, Luhansk, Poltava, Ivano-Frankivsk, Rivne, Khmelnytsky region), and after 2009 all other regions faced the same situations. In 2013, negative trends worsened. Unstable socio-political situation and terrorist attacks in the East, particularly in Donetsk and Lugansk regions, led to a significant decline in industrial production. Given that the contribution of these regions is about 16 per cent of Ukraine in the gross regional product, negative trends in these areas, annexation of the Crimean Autonomous Republic and unstable overall socio-economic situation will increase overall negative trends in the development of regions and the country as a whole.