Разработка и исследование технологии раздачи втулок с помощью электрогидравлического эффекта при ремонте машин и механизмов

Abstract

Статья посвящена совершенствованию технологического процесса раздачи втулок при помощи электрогидравлического эффекта. В статье выполнен теоретический анализ определения оптимальных параметров разрядного контура, определено усилие раздачи посредством цангового устройства для обеспечения качественного развальцовывания втулки. Приведены результаты исследования параметров парогазовой полости и перемещений пластины ЭРГУК. Использование данного устройства дает возможность повысить надежность и срок службы втулок и уменьшить затраты на их ремонт.

On the basis of the experiment, the influence of design parameters and operating conditions of the dispenser on the quality and productivity of the bushing process was investigated. The dependence of the parameters of the vapor-gas cavity and the shift of the plate of the electric-discharge generator of elastic oscillations on the modes of operation of the device is established. With the help of theoretical and experimental studies it was shown that, taking into account the electrohydraulic discharge, localizing the plastic deformation in a thin surface layer we managed to achieve optimum distribution regimes and, therefore, to expand the nomenclature of the work parts. The method and technology of distribution of bushings by mechanical shock impulses is proposed. It is established that with the help o f a collet device the impact pulse, which is generated by the electric-discharge generator of elastic vibrations, is transferred to the renewable part. The large amplitude of the shock pulse, which performs the work on the distribution of the sleeve, is preceded by a high-speed CEV of elastic high-frequency vibrations. These vibrations excite the diffusion activity of atoms of the deformed metal. Due to this, the frictional forces between the collet and the deformable metal decrease, and also its plasticity increases. Uniformity of the bushing deformation is ensured by the uniformity ofpressure distribution created by the collet over the surface of the bushing. An increase in the size of the distribution of the sleeve is provided by increasing the diffusion mobility of the atoms of the deformed metal. Two theoretical-experimental methods are used: the elastic-contact method and the Hopkinson method of measuring bars, which made it possible to determine the characteristics of the shock pulse with an accuracy o f 5-10% under conditions of strong electromagnetic fields.