Економічна сутність та критерії інноваційного розвитку рослинництва в сільськогосподарських підприємствах

Abstract

У статті на основі існуючих підходів наведено власне розуміння економічної сутності поняття інноваційного розвитку рослинництва. Запропоновані об’єктивні показники, як основні критерії оцінки інноваційного розвитку галузі рослинництва в сільськогосподарських підприємствах.

In the article on the basis of existing approaches is given the actual understanding of the economic essence of the concept of innovative development of crop production. The comparative description of possible ways of development of the enterprise as a whole, and the plant industry in particular, namely, is established the basic concept with extensive development, intensive and innovative. The main directions of innovation development, which enterprises are most often implemented in the field of plant growing, are identified. The system of indicators of estimation of the efficiency of innovative activity of the enterprise, which is represented by five groups of indicators: production, financial, investment, social and environmental efficiency of scientific and technical measures, is investigated. Due to the lack of relevant information in the traditional statistical forms of the State Statistics Committee of Ukraine for the calculation of the above indicators, the following criteria for evaluating the innovation development of the crop production sector, which can be calculated and studied on the basis of official statistics, both at the level of a particular agricultural enterprise and on average, were proposed. in the region or in Ukraine. These include: increasing the volume of products produced per unit of assembled area, the maximum level of payback and increase their profitability. To establish that the increase in the cost price of produced products is not simply a result of the influence of inflationary processes, but as a consequence of the introduction of various innovations, it is proposed to use the rate of inflation. If the cost of manufactured goods will grow at a slower pace than the rate of inflation, and, accordingly, the profit from the sale of products, on the contrary, will increase at a faster pace than inflation, then this will be a sign of innovation development.

В статье на основе существующих подходов приведено собственное понимание экономической сущности понятия инновационного развития растениеводства. Предложены объективные показатели, как основные критерии оценки инновационного развития отрасли растениеводства в сельскохозяйственных предприятиях.