Ефективність вирощування помісних бугайців від схрещування корів української червоної молочної породи з бугаями м'ясних порід

Abstract

Метою проведених досліджень є вивчення продуктивних і технологічних якостей помісних тварин, одержаних від схрещування маток української червоної молочної породи з бугаями м'ясних порід: абердин-ангуської, української, волинської та знам'янського типу південної.

Ukrainian breeders evolved and have been evolving meat breeds but at the same time in the nearest future the main part of beef will be produced in dairy cattle- breeding as a by-product of milk production. The aim of the research was to study the productive and technological qualities of the mixed breeds of cattle produced from crossing of the cows of the Ukrainian Red dairy breed with the bulls of meat breeds: Aberdin Angus, Ukrainian, Volynian and the Southern breed of Znamensky type. Scientific and production experiment was carried out on the research farm “Stepove” Kirovograd region, at the research agricultural station and 64 bulls of different breed combinations and 16 purebred bulls of Ukrainian Red dairy breed were taken for the experiment. The bulls under investigation were kept in accordance with the technology and the rules adopted on the farm, they were fed by the same diet. The ration of the bulls was balanced by the detailed standards (Kalashnikov, 1985) that provided the daily weight gains at the level of 900 g and more. The composition of the feeds was changed depending on the season of the year and the period of animal growing. The analysis of the change of the live weight of the young cattle kept in the similar technological conditions has shown that the animals of different genotypes had different dynamics of growth. One of the reasons for that was the fact that they had had different live weights at birth. The calves of Aberdin Angus mixed breed had the lowest live weight at birth (Р< 0,05), due to their high energy of growth they surpassed the animals of the control group in the live weight. They had the highest relative rate of growth from birth to 18-month-old age. The mixed bulls produced from the bull of the Ukrainian Red meat breed had the highest absolute weight gain (554,5 kg) and, respectively, the highest daily weight gain (1014 g). The data of the results of the slaughter proved high meat productivity of bulls in all the groups. All groups of mixed bulls had higher slaughtering output by 1,4-3,9% as compared to the bulls of the control group. As for the level of profitability of beef production even without donation the bulls produced from crossing the cows of Ukrainian Red dairy breed with the bulls of the Ukrainian meat breed had the best results (51,3%), the mixed bulls produced from crossing with Aberdin Angus breed had a little lower values (50,4%) than with Volynian meat breed (47,5%) and Znamensky type of the Southern meat breed (46,0%).