Ветеринарно-санітарна експертиза бичків родини Gobiidae за еустронгілідозу

Abstract

В результаті проведених досліджень встановлено, що риба, заражена личинками, зберігає товарний вид, а органолептичні показники (зовнішній вид, запах, консистенція) відповідають показникам доброякісної риби. Разом з тим збільшений показник КМАФАнМ відносно здорової риби. Відповідно, ветеринарно-санітарна оцінка бичків, уражених личинками еустронгілідесів, повинна передбачати обов'язкове знешкодження паразитів.

В результате проведенных исследований установлено, что рыба, зараженная личинками, сохраняет товарный вид, а органолептические показатели (внешний вид, запах, консистенция) соответствуют показателям доброкачественной рыбы. Вместе с тем увеличен показатель КМАФАнМ относительно здоровой рыбы. Соответственно, ветеринарно-санитарная оценка бычков, пораженных личинками еустронгилидесов, должна предусматривать обязательное обезвреживание паразитов.

The helminth fauna of bigmouths in Ukraine is represented by trematodes (9 species), nematodes, (7 species), and cestodes (5 species); acanthocephales are represented by only three species. According to the statistics, the dynamics of fish infestation with eustrongylides in Ukraine increases. According to the analysis of literary sources, contradictory data are known concerning the potential danger of eustrongylides larvae to people and animals. In this connection, the aim of our work was to clarify the diagnostics of eustrosgylidosis in bigmouths of Gobiidae, genus and conduct veterinarysanitary expert examination of the fish in case of this disease. The research was held during 2015-2016 on the basis of the laboratories of the Chairs of parasitology and veterinary-sanitary expert examination and technology of processing livestock farming products at Poltava State Agrarian Academy. The bigmouths of Gobiidae, genus were the objects of the research. During the examination of bigmouths caught in Kremenchuk water reservoir were detected the larvae of red color 35-55 mm in length. According to their structure and external signs we regarded them as the causal agents of eustrosgylidosis. The infection intensity in the caught bigmouths was 1-4 specimens per fish. The scales were bright and of pearl tint, they fit the body closely, the mucosa was transparent. The skin was turgid, fins were dense. The gill covers close the gill cavity tightly. The eyes were prominent, cornea was transparent of muddy-grey color. The abdomen was not swollen; the anus was not protruded. The muscular tissue was elastic on the cut area, and it fit closely to the bones. The larvae of the parasite were visually noticeable and semi-emerged into the muscular tissue or they could be detected in the body cavity (on the surface of the liver and intestines). The larvae were mainly in the free state. Thus, we can come to the conclusion, that as a result of the conducted research, it was found, that the fish that is infested with the larvae, maintains its commodity characteristics, and its organoleptic indicators (the external appearance, odor, and consistence) correspond to the indices of high quality fish. Nevertheless, the presence of eustrongylides larvae is well visible with the naked eye, and it contradicts the organoleptic evaluation of the examined fish. Taking into account the aesthetics of nutrition, it is rather unpleasant to eat such fish, especially considering the extreme popularity of dried and salt bigmouths. The bacterioscopy of impression smears, made from the tissue of the infested fish showed the absence of the signs of tissue degradation. The preparations were poorly dyed. The single coccal forms were detected on the surface layers, while in the deep layers, the number of the microorganisms varied from 6 to 14, which is normal. Nevertheless, the index of the Nessler’s number fluctuated from 1.2 to 1.4, which is characteristic of the fish of doubtful freshness. In the examined fish, (in case of ІІ=3-4 specimens per head) the indices of the number of mezophilic, aerobic, and facultative microorganisms or bacterial insemination were slightly higher 5.2x104 comparatively to the healthy fish. The corresponding veterinary-sanitary expert examination of the bigmouths infected with eustrongylides larvae must predict the obligatory neutralization of the parasites.