Макро- і мікроскопічні ознаки інволюції яйцепроводу свійської курки

Abstract

У роботі з'ясовані макро- і мікроскопічні ознаки інволюції яйцепроводу курей кросу Хайсекс коричневий віком 390 діб за припинення яйцевідкладання, які пропонується використовувати спеціалістам з розведення і вирощування птиці з метою їх раціонального використання.

В роботе определены макро- и микроскопические признаки инволюции яйцевода кур кросса Хайсекс коричневый возрастом 390 суток при прекращении яйцекладки. Они проявляются уменьшением абсолютной масы и длины отделов органа, висоты и ширини складок его слизистой оболочки. Гистологические изменения происходят в слизистой оболочке яйцевода. Они сопровождаются разростанием соединительнотканной стромы, которая замещает железы и кистовидные образования, которые возникают на их местах вследствии инволюции.

The macroscopic and microscopic signs of oviduct involution of hens of the cross Hisex brown breed of 390 days of age under the condition of ceasing egg laying have been studied. The research has been conducted on the basis of morphological laboratory of anatomy and histology departments of the Zhytomyr National Agroecological University (Zhytomyr, Ukraine). Anatomic, microscopic, morphometric and statistic methods of research have been applied. It has been stated, that macroscopic signs of oviduct involution are manifested by the change of its consistency, shape and the reduction of macroscopic morphometric indices. The absolute mass of oviduct in 390 days of age hens is reducing (21.18+3.94 g) comparing to those of 210 days of age (68.42+4.44 g) by 223 % on the account of magnum (10.1+4.21 and 37.87+3.13 4) - by 275 %, isthmus (2.53+0.76 and 8.93+1.23 g) — bу 253 96, and uterus (4.43+0.98 and 13.78+1.3 g) - by 211 %. The absolute length of oviduct is also reducing — from 79.9+2.44 to 3042.08 sm оп the account of magnum (15.2+1.43 and 44.1+2.53 sm) — by 190 %, isthmus (4.9+0.84 and 13.9+0.66 sm) — bу 184 %, infundibulum (4.9+0.34 and 10.7+0.45 sm) — by 118 %. The microscopic signs of oviduct involution are mostly manifested in mucous membrane. They are revealed in plicates change. In isthmus and magnum the primary plicates of mucous membrane have similar fingershaped form. The secondary and tertiary plicates have not been registered. The signs of oviduct mucous membrane plicates in hens aged 390 days are reducing in comparison with those hens aged 210 days. The plicates height (1103.8+120.3 and 3079.02+266.32 mcm) and width (341.03+48.01 and 1012.77+71.43 mem) in magnum are reducing more sharply by 179 and 197 % respectively. In the proper plate of isthmus mucous membrane plicates and in oviduct uterus the secretory part of glands is very little ramified. The layers of fluffy fibrous connecting tissues between them are wide. The diameter and length of deferent ducts are diminishing. In the connecting tissue frame of mucous membrane plicates the lymphatic formations in the form of accumulated lymphatic tissues have been registered. They appear between collagen and elastic fibers close to the blood vessels. Some of them almost press to the secretory parts of glands. The secretory stagnation is sometimes observed at the final glands parts. This causes their destruction and appearance of cyst formations. The last reproduce themselves separately or in groups close to the epithelium surface. Some of them join and grow in size. Their walls are covered with simple, flat epithelium. The determined macro- and microscopic signs of oviduct involution in hens breed aged 390 days under the condition of ceasing egg laying are recommended for application by the specialists in breeding and raising this paultry with the aim of their effective utilization.