Морфологічні зміни показників крові курей за гострого та хронічного перебігу давенеозу

Abstract

В статті наведено зміни морфологічних показників крові курей за гострого та хронічного перебігу давенеозної інвазії. Гострий перебіг давенеозу у курей проявляється анемією, наявністю запальних та алергічних явищ, що підтверджується зменшенням вмісту гемоглобіну, кількості еритроцитів та зростанням лейкоцитів за рахунок збільшення еозинофілів та лімфоцитів.

В статье приведень изменения морфологических показателей крови курей при остром и хроническом течении давенеоза. Острое течение давенеоза проявляется анемией, наличием воспалительных и аллергических явлений, что подтверждается уменьшением содержания гемоглобина, количества эритроцитов и ростом лейкоцитов за счет увеличения эозинофилов и лимфоцитов.

Davaineosis is a focal helminthosis of hens. Primarily young chickens aged 2-4 months have acute course, and older birds have chronic course of the decease. The causative agent is cestode Davainea proglottina that parasitizes in 12 duodenum of birds. Intermediate hosts are species of snails Limax cinereus and Agriolimax agrestis. Knowledge of the level and metabolism condition off poultry ill with davaineosis is of high importance for the practice of veterinary medicine. This allows to reveal the pathogenesis of the disease to a certain extent in order to apply more effective methods of treatment and prevention of disease. Poultry of the first researching group aged 75-90 days was spontaneously infested with davainia with acute course of the disease. The loss of appetite, general depression, dyspepsia, liquid faeces of greenish color were observed for chickens. The intensity of the lesion was 52,25+0,16 eggs per 1 g of faeces. Hens of the second researching group aged 120-130 days were spontaneously infested with davainia with intensity of lesion 32+0,15 eggs 1 д of faeces, and had a chronic course of disease. Clinical symptoms were weakly expressed. The third group of non-infected hens aged 120-130 days was clinically healthy. By the results of determination of morphological parameters of hens of the | research group within acute course of davaineosis, content of hemoglobin decreased by 20.4% (p <0.001) compared to control, and for poultry of the Il researching group only by 10.8%. In case of acute course of the disease erythrocyte amount was 2,6+0,2 М (р <0.01), and for chronic 2,9 + 0,1 t/l (р <0.05), whereas during the control this rate was 3,5 + 0,2 М, i.e. in case of the acute course the number decreased by 25.7 96, and in case of chronic by 17.1 %. It should be noted that for birds infested both with acute and chronic course the leukocyte amount increased by 24.5 % and 22.7 % (p <0.001) respectively. Such increase of leukocytes happened mainly with sharp increase of eosinophils in the | researching group Бу 14.6 % (р <0.05), of the Il group Бу 7.9 %, as well as because of increased lymphocytes in acute course by 8.6 %, and in chronic by 3.6 % (p <0.01). Leucogram in the | researching group of poultry demonstrated a decrease of the number of monocytes by 20.9 % (p <0.01), whereas in case of a chronic course of disease there was a growth rate by 5.8 % (p <0.05). So, acute course of davaineosis of the birds is accompanied by quite severe hemoglobinemia. In poultry infested with davainia in both acute and chronic course, the morphological parameters demonstrated weak changes that were characterized by leukocytosis and eosinophilia. Changes in differential blood cell amount, namely leukocytosis and eosinophilia are signs of inflammation of invasive origin and allergization of an organism of ill poultry. Changes in morphological parameters of blood are more expressed in case of acute course of daveniosis of hens.