Епізоотологічний моніторинг збудників дерматофітозів дрібних домашніх тварин

Abstract

У статті наведено результати епізоотологічного моніторингу збудників дерматофітозів, ідентифікованих при ураженнях шкіри собак і кішок у місті Харкові.

В статье наведень результаты эпизоотологического мониторинга возбудителей дерматофитозов, идентифицированных при поражениях кожи собак и кошек в городе Харькове.

The data about distribution and species composition of dermatophytosis pathogens identified in skin lesions of dogs and cats in Kharkiv have been presented in the article. The search was conducted during 2010-2016 in private veterinary clinic «Fauna» (Kharkiv) and in educational and scientific laboratory of molecular genetic research methods named after P. |. Verbitsky at the Department of epizootology and veterinary management KSZVA. Clinical peculiarities of disease have been studied with the help of diseased animals’ examination. Biomaterials for microscopic and culture (mycological) searches were hair and skin layers of affected animals which were not subjected to treatment. Clinical and mycological search of 324 small pets, including 252 dogs and 72 cats with signs of affected skin and hair have been conducted during the observation period. 25 clinically healthy dogs and 20 cats have been searched as mikocarriers. Cultures М. canis were isolated in 42 samples from sick dogs (16.67% of investigated samples of biological material) and 35 samples from sick cats (48.61%). Cultures М. canis were found in 6 dogs (24.00%) and 37 cats (37.50%) from clinically healthy animals, which has been the evidence of significant spread of miko-carriers among these species. Cultures Tr. mentagrophytes have been found in 3 cases (1.19%) of dogs and 2 cases of sick cats (2.78%). Culture М. gypseum have been found іп 2 samples of sick dogs, representing 0.79% out of investigated biological material samples. Cultures Mallassezia pachydermatis have been identified in 8.73% of dogs and 4.76% of cats, and also in 3.17% of dogs and 2.38% of cats among mikocarriers. Cultures Candidas albicans were isolated in 6.75% (sick dogs) and 9.52% (sick cats), 0.40% (dog carriers) and 2.38% (cat carriers) from studied samples. Culture fungi Aspergillus fumiqatus have been identified in 8.33% (sick dogs) and 7.14% (sick cats), 3.57% ( dog carriers) and 2.38% (cat carriers) from studied samples. There have been marked culture АЁетапа: 5.55% of samples — sick dogs, 4.76% of samples - sick cat, 3.97% of samples — dog carriers, 4.76% - a cat carriers. Cultures of Trichoderma were isolated in 7.14% of samples from sick dogs, in 2.38% of samples from sick cats. Cultures fungi Mucor were isolated in 10,31% of sick dogs, in 4.76% of sick cats, 0.79% of dog carriers and 4.76% of cat carriers. Pure cultures of streptococci, accordingly, 78 (30.95%) and 14 (19.42%) samples from sick dogs and cats were isolated in conducted searches. Cultures staphylococci have been isolated in 44 sick dogs (17.46%) and 9 sick cats (21.43%). Associated bacterial cultures have been found in 52 dogs (20.63%) and 15 cats (20.83%). The most common dermatophytosis pathogens of dogs cats are М. canis, М. gypseum and Tr. mentagrophytes in Kharkiv. The results of the studies proved etiological structure of other fungal etiology represented by the following types of plants: Mallassezia pachydermatis, Candidas albicans and Aspergillus fumiqatus, Alternaria, Trichoderma and Mucor. Etiological factors of skin lesions and hair of dogs and cats, except for fungi dermatophytes are streptococci, staphylococci and their associations. Prospects in further research grounds on development of modern medical measures and effective treatment of small pets suffering from athlete's foot.