Особливості діагностики стрептококозу телят та поросят в умовах приватних господарств Запорізької та Луганської областей

Abstract

Висвітлені питання особливостей комплексного методу діагностики стрептококозів телят і поросят за умов, що молодняк перебував у приватних господарствах Запорізької та Луганської областей. Проаналізовано вплив виду, віку, умов утримання дорослих тварин і молодняку, а також регіону розташування господарств на тяжкість перебігу захворювань та труднощі діагностики стрептококових інфекцій.

Освещены вопросы особенностей комплексного метода диагностики стрептококкоза телят и поросят в условиях содержания в частных хозяйствах Запорожской и Луганской областей. Осуществлен анализ влияния вида, возраста, условий содержания взрослых животных и молодняка, а так же региона расположения хозяйств на тяжесть течения заболеваний и трудности диагностики стрептококковых инфекций.

A significant increase in prevalence of streptococcal infections as well as their role as a complicating factor for other diseases has recently been registered on the farms of Ukraine. Pathogenic streptococci are permanent residents of the mucous membranes of animals and are a part of the normal flora of the nasopharynx, urinary system, intestines and skin. While present on mucous membranes of healthy animals they have a very low virulence. The virulence of streptococci increases as animals’ disease resistance is being reduced. It is also important to mention that human is a carrier of different serological groups of streptococci and widespread virus-carrying among owners of the animals can lead to contamination of the latter. The main difficulties in diagnostics of streptococcosis are associated with the pathogen’s variety of species and serogroups as well as with clinical and pathological manifestations of the disease. The main factor that complicates bacteriological diagnostics of streptococci is their high sensitivity for the cultivation conditions. The objective of the study was to analyze the epizootic situation with streptococcosis in calves and piglets and to define their diagnostic features under the conditions of the young stock being kept on private farms of Zaporozhye and Lugansk regions. An increase in incidence of livestock disease occurrence on private farms in the East and South of Ukraine has been registered during the last ten years. In addition, a positive correlation between the disease occurrence and the livestock growth on the farms has been found. Thus, in Berdyansk district the streptococcosis in piglets has become the most common bacterial infection, dominating even E.coli infection during some years. Streptococci of the serogroups A (Str. pyogenes), C (Str.zooepidemicus), D (Str. faecalis), G (Str. suis, Str. pneumoniae) were the ones most often causing the disease in calves and piglets in Berdyansk district of Zaporozhye region. It was not always possible to define the serotype of the cultures that were revealed in Bilokhurakinsky district. The source ої the pathogen of streptococcal infection оп farms of all property types were іп most of the cases the mothers - sows and cows that have recently given birth. Streptococcosis in cattle and pigs was found in young animals of all ages while the intensity and severity of streptococcosis were significantly affected by the keeping conditions of the adult animals as well as the young ones. Calves that suffered from streptococcosis came from the farms where dermatitis, abscesses on the body, limb lesions, mastitis and endometritis in cows has been observed. When performing a thorough bacteriological research the diagnosis of streptococcosis was established even though the previous diagnostic research was questionable. A pure culture of pathogenic streptococci was also revealed. Thus, when diagnosing infectious diseases including streptococcosis in the conditions of small private farms a wider range of all available diagnostic methods and techniques should be applied. There is no doubt that the final diagnosis is possible only after conducting expanded laboratory tests. Although in case of ubiquitous pathogens as streptococci, in our opinion it would be meaningful only in the event of conducting serologic typing of the revealed microorganism and finding evidence of its virulence.