Правовий аспект формування обмежень у використанні земель

Abstract

Шелудько Р.М., Шелудько Л.В. Правовий аспект формування обмежень у використанні земель. У статті здійснено аналіз нормативно-правового забезпечення встановлення, реалізації та припинення обмежень у використанні земель, обтяжень прав на землю. Виявлено, що механізм правового регулювання цього процесу потребує надання науково-обґрунтованих пропозицій з його вдосконалення в частині обмежень у використанні земель та їх реєстрації в процесі землеустрою, як важливого засобу впливу на суб’єктів цих прав з метою забезпечення раціонального використання та охорони земель.

Р.Н. Шелудько, Л.В. Шелудько. Правовой аспект формирования ограничений в использовании земель. Осуществлен подробный анализ нормативно-правового обеспечения установления, реализации и прекращения ограничений прав на землю, ограничений в использовании земель и выявлено, что механизм правового регулирования этого процесса требует предоставления научно-обоснованных предложений по его усовершенствованию в части ограничений в использовании земель и их регистрации в процессе землеустройства, как важного средства воздействия на субъектов этих прав в целях обеспечения рационального использования и охраны земель.

R.M. Sheludko, L.V. Sheludko. Legal aspect of formation of land use restrictions. The purpose of the study is to carry out the comprehensive theoretical analysis of legal peculiarities of the restrictions for land use and limitations of land rights at the present stage of development of land relations in Ukraine. To achieve this goal, the following methods and techniques were used: causal relationship, monograph, as well as the current legislative and regulatory acts of Ukraine. The presence of national, territorial and personal land interests and land needs requires a set of legal forms of regulation of land relations. Legal forms of realization of land interests are constantly being improved in the most optimal way of reflecting the interests of the respective stakeholders. The main purpose of imposing restrictions on land use and burdening land rights is the realization of the human right to its health and well-being, through its balanced socio-economic development. It is described, that territorial restrictions on land use, its composition, zones of the territories in which they are established, are directly dependent on the purpose of the land and the presence of a mode creating natural resources or object, its purpose, parameters and degree of environmental impact, prospective land use planning and other commitments. The content of restrictions on land use, which includes prohibitions, obligations of the owner to take proactive actions, permits and regulations, is separated. The content of encumbrances of land ownership includes the rights of others to a particular entity that are different from fundamental property rights (private encumbrances) and prohibitions (public encumbrances). The state should support environmental compliance when using land, through appropriate sanctions and obligations. In applying the principle of compensation for economic damages at the expense of the culprit, the land user is responsible for the damage caused to the environment, ie the use of property falls under severe restrictions. It is defined that mechanism of legal regulation of this process requires the submission of scientifically sound proposals for its improvement in terms of restrictions on land use and their registration in the process of land management, as an important mean influencing the owners of these rights in order to ensure the rational use and protection of land. It is proposed at the legislative level to distinguish and give clear definitions of such concepts of "land use restrictions" and "encumbrance of land rights". Given the specific features of restrictions and burdens, develop a methodology for establishing them based on legal, organizational, economic and environmental aspects.