Вплив способів заточування та зміцнення леза на довговічність грунтообробних знарядь

Abstract

Наведено результати експериментальних досліджень впливу різних форм заточування та локального зміцнення леза різальних елементів ґрунтообробних знарядь на швидкість зношування при взаємодії з абразивним середовищем, що визначає їх довговічність при використанні за призначенням. Встановлено залежність впливу напрацювання на середні значення абсолютного зносу поверхні локально зміцненого леза ґрунтообробного знаряддя при зміні швидкісного режиму, збільшення кута постановки леза до напрямку руху та швидкості переміщення різальних елементів в абразивному ґрунтовому середовищі від 0,5 м/с до 2,5 м/с обумовлює також і збільшення швидкості зношування поверхні локально зміцненого леза ґрунтообробного знаряддя, що визначає довговічність робочого органу.

When performing the functions of assignment, the working bodies of the soil-working implements interact with the abrasive medium, which is the soil that causes their wear. At the same time, the greatest pressure and, as a result, wear on the blade of the working body, which manifests itself in increasing the thickness of the blade to the limit value set by the standard technical documentation and requires the restoration of the parameters of a specific working body to provide the agricultural requirements for the implementation of the appropriate technological operation of soil cultivation. Depending on the abrasive properties of the soil environment, taking into account the significant fluctuations of their characteristics, even within the same field, the rate of wear of the blade of the soil tool is uneven, and sometimes it may be such that there is a need for restoration of workability during even one work shift, especially this applies cultivator working bodies. The main promising directions for increasing the durability of ground tools, both during their manufacture and during the restoration, are the search for new materials for their manufacture, application of different types of thermal and chemical-thermal treatment, application of reinforcing coatings, determination of optimum geometry of cutting edges of the blade to ensure their durability, and self-extinguishing with wear. For today, various methods of strengthening the cutting edge are used to improve longevity, but they are not always universal for different types of soils and the working conditions of soil cultivating tools. This leads to scientific research of solving the identified problem in the direction of developing new and improving existing working bodies with an increase in their longevity. The results of experimental studies of the influence of various forms of sharpening and local strengthening of the blade on the cutting elements of soil tillage tools on the rate of wear at interaction with the abrasive medium, which determines their durability when used for purpose. The dependence of the influence of working time on the average values of absolute wear of the surface of the locally strengthened blade of the soil-working tool during the change of the speed regime, the increase of the angle of the blade setting in the direction of motion and the speed of movement of the cutting elements in the abrasive soil medium from 0.5 m / s to 2.5 m / s is established. It also causes an increase in the speed of wear of the surface of a locallyforged blade of a tillage tool, which determines the durability of the working organ. The performed experimental studies confirm the working hypothesis concerning the effect of the sharpening and local strengthening method on the speed of wear of the cutting elements of the working organs and, as a consequence, determine the durability of the tillage implements.