Інвестиційна стратегія підприємства: принципи, методи та етапи розробки

Abstract

Гуторов О.І. Інвестиційна стратегія підприємства: принципи, методи та етапи розробки. В статті розглядається сутність, принципи розробки стратегії інвестиційної діяльності підприємства. Обґрунтовано необхідність формування на підприємстві інвестиційної стратегії, яка є одним з ефективних інструментів управління інвестиційною діяльністю підприємства в ринкових умовах господарювання. Визначено можливість коригування інвестиційної стратегії з урахуванням зміни зовнішніх і внутрішніх умов господарювання і нових можливостей розвитку підприємства.

Гуторов А.И. Инвестиционная стратегия предприятия: принципы, методы и этапы разработки. В статье рассмотрена сущность, этапы и принципы разработки стратегии инвестиционной деятельности предприятия. Обоснована необходимость формирования на предприятии инвестиционной стратегии, которая одним из эффективных инструментов управления инвестиционной деятельностью предприятия в кризисных условиях хозяйствования. Определена возможность корректировки инвестиционной стратегии с учётом изменения внешних и внутренних условий хозяйствования и новых возможностей развития предприятия.

Gutorov О.І. Investment strategy of the enterprise: principles, methods and stages of development. A comprehensive study of the essence, stages, criteria and principles of developing a strategy for investment activities of the enterprise has been done in the work. Investment strategy is a system of long-term goals of investment activity of the enterprise, which are conditioned by the general tasks of its development and investment ideology. The assessment of the developed investment strategy is carried out on the basis of a number of criteria: consistency with the general strategy of the enterprise development regarding the purposes, stages and terms of realization; internal balance of the goals, directions and sequence of investment policy implementation; consistency with the external environment (development of the country, and investment climate); feasibility taking into account the available resources (financial, personnel, raw materials and technology); acceptability of the investment risks level; financial, production and social efficiency. The approaches to the formation of the investment strategy, which should be based on the criteria that determine its expediency, have been improved. These criteria are the following: consistency with the financial resources that can be directed to the investment activities; the efficiency, that is the consistency of results and real costs for achieving them; the certainty in terms of achieving the set goal; the optimum combination of expectations, achieving the desired profitability, possible risks and uncertainty of the future; the consistency of the planned investments with the general economic conditions of the external environment of the enterprise. The prerequisite for the formation of investment strategy is the general strategy of economic development of the enterprise, in relation to which the investment strategy is subordinate. The formation of strategic goals is a subjective and objective process, as they reflect the specific investment position of the owner (investor) and at the same time the requirements of the external and internal environment for the enterprise investment activities and its strategic investment position. Making investment decisions, both strategic and tactical, is based on a variety of methods for assessing the investments efficiency. The assessment of risk factors in the investment design, as well as making any financial decision, means to assess the level of risks and develop the measures to reduce them. The development of the enterprise investment strategy helps to determine its competitive advantages. The study of theoretical and methodical aspects of the investment strategy show that its implementation in practice leads to the increased efficiency of the enterprise and contributes to its development. The formation of investment strategy should be based on a comprehensive analysis of the specific character of the industry, the external environment and internal characteristics of the enterprise.