Динаміка маси внутрішніх органів як показник селекції популяції дикої свині

Abstract

Проведено дослідження динаміки маси внутрішніх органів (серця, легенів, печінки, нирок, селезінки) народжених в цьому році, підсвинків та середньовікових груп тварин свині дикої за загальноприйнятими в біології методами. Встановлена різниця за масою внутрішніх органів між тваринами різної статі – самці вірогідно переважають самок у різні вікові періоди.

The dynamics of the mass of internal organs (heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, spleen) of wild pigs of different age groups according to generally accepted methods in biology has been research was conducted. It was established that the comprehensive characteristic of the development of the internal organs of swine of different age groups allows to find out the reaction of the organism to changing habitat conditions, to study the adaptive features of individual populations, the biological specificity of the sex groups. The heart is one of the most important internal organs. With the age of the animal, it undergoes great changes. The powerful growth of the heart muscle leads to an increase in its size and mass. The size of the heart is strongly influenced by the motor activity of animals, a large load increases its size and weight. The difference in the mass of the heart between a males and a females of different age groups was: of this year of birth – 13 g (6.1% or Р>0,95), of last year of birth - 19 g (6.6% or Р>0.99), medieval - 23 g (7.1% or Р>0.99). The similarity in the structure of the lungs and the prevalence of asymmetric type testify to the unity of the origin of wild boars and domestic pigs. The difference in the mass of the lungs between a males and a females of different age groups was: of this year of birth – 35 g (6.7% or Р>0,95), of last year of birth - 30 g (3.9% or Р>0.95), medieval - 65 g (7.9% or Р>0.999). The mass of the liver of wild pig is great, which is due to its omnivorous. It is the most important digestive gland and at the same time a peculiar depot of the spare substances. By its mass between a males and a females of different age groups, the difference was: of this year of birth – 100 g (8.6% or Р<0.95, the difference is not reliable), of last year of birth - 100 g (5.7% or Р<0.95, the difference is not reliable), medieval - 125 g (7.9% or Р>0.95). By weight of the kidneys, between a males and a females of different age groups, the difference was: of this year of birth – 20 g (8.6% or Р>0.95), of last year of birth - 25 g (10.0% or Р<0.95, the difference is not reliable), medieval - 35 g (11.7% or Р>0.99). Absolute mass of the spleen increases with age very quickly, et between a males and a females, the difference was: of this year of birth – 10 g (16.7% or Р>0.95), of last year of birth - 30 g (10.0% or Р>0.95), medieval - 30 g (15.4% or Р>0.99).