Зв’язок вмісту біохімічних показників крові у корів та нетелей із патологією родів

Abstract

У статті представлені дані досліджень з прогнозування розвитку патології родів у корів і нетелів. Проведено дослідження за вмістом окремих мікро-, макроелементів, ферментів печінки, показників білкового обміну з метою розробки тесту з прогнозування виникнення патології родів у корів і нетелів.

The main essential factor in obtaining a sufficient number of viable litters is the prevention of pregnancy and childbirth pathology in cows. It is known that birth is a complex physiological process, which requires the coordinated activity of virtually all organs and systems of the body. This, in turn, requires a positive energy balance and clear neuro-humoral regulation. The guarantee of the latter is full feeding, which includes optimal mineral supply of cows during the dry period, childbirth and postpartum period. The aim of research was to link the lack of balance of microelements and pathology of the second and third stages of parturition of cows. To develop prognostic tests for the signification of birth pathology on the basis of the interconnection between micro- and microelement imbalances and some biochemical indices of cow blood. In the first phase of research we have formed 2 groups of cows and 2 groups of heifers. All animals were of Simmental breed. The first group of cows - 16 heads, aged 5 years, weighing 550 ± 50 kg, afterwards had pathological parturitions, the second group of cows - 27 heads were the same age and had the same weight. Heifers were two years old, weighing about 400 ± 27,5 kg. Groups of heifers were formed in the same way: 1 group (5 heads) had further pathological parturition, 2 group (7 heads) - were physiologically calved. 2-4 days before the expected delivery, all animals were sampled from the tail vein and blood serum. Blood plasma (to study the content of micro- and macronutrients) was selected in a syringe with heparin as an anticoagulant ohm. In the second stage of the research, the obtained data were analyzed and test was developed to predict pathological birth in cows and heifers. According to the research, the content of zinc in the group, with observed pathological birth was at the level of 70,27 ± 4,81 µg %, which is significantly lower than in the group of cows, that afterwards had a physiological course of parturition. A similar trend was observed for us regarding iron content. The enzymatic activity of the liver should also be taken into account. Thus, in the group with further pathological parturition, in the period of late dryness, the creatinine level was significantly increased – 125,81 ± 5.06 versus 109,62 ± 3.21 μmol /l (P <0,01), AST - 106,0 ± 8,72 U/l 77,67 ± 7,48 U/l (P <0,01). However, the ALT, on the contrary, was lower in the first group 16,81 ± 1,42 U/l than in the second group 20,86 ± 1,39 U/l (P <0,05). That is why the Deritis Index in the first group was by 1,8 times higher than in the second group. Particular attention, in our opinion, deserves the indicators of calcium, phosphorus and their ratio We have found that the calcium in the serum of animals in group 1 was by 1,38 times lower than in group 2, where the level of this mineral was within the physiological norm . Regarding the level of phosphorus, we have not established significant differences in its concentration in the blood of both groups. However, their ratio was significantly different and amounted to 1,08 ± 0,11 in group 1, 1,37 ± 0,07 in group 2 (P˂ 0,03 ). Also it should be marked the significant difference in lipoprotein levels in the serum of cows. Thus, in the 1st group this indicator was at the level of 1259,13 ± 78,7 mg%, in the 2nd group – 866,95 ± 56,21 mg% (Р˂ 0,001).