Вплив абіотичних факторів на життєздатність і розвиток екзогенних стадій – ооцист еймерій птахів

Abstract

Наведені результати експерементальних досліджень in vitro впливу абіотичних факторів (тумператури, вологості) на розвиток і життєздатність ооцист еймерій курей. При знижені вологості фекалій на 31,97% ± 1,24% та 41,67 ± 0,47% гине відповідно від 65,8 ± 0,7 до 80,6 ± 0,9% ооцист еймерій, а при втратах вологи 65,48 ± 1,35% и 70,9 ± 1,2% гинее від 91,4 ± 0,7% до 100% ооцист еймерій.

Modern high-tech and sanitary-hygienic support for the poultry industry is impossible without therapeutic and preventive measures against eimeriosis. Today, the focus is on the fight against the endogenous stages of the development of eimeria in the body of birds with the help of a huge arsenal of chemicals or immunoprophylaxis. To destroy the exogenous stages of the development of eimeria - oocysts in the external environment the number of disinvasing substances is quite small. The effect of abiotic factors on the development and viability of pathogens - Aimeria oocysts has not been fully studied. Objective. To determine the influence of abiotic factors (temperature, humidity) on the viability and development of oocysts of Aimeria birds. The studies were carried out in the laboratory of the Department of Parasitology of Kharkiv State Zooveterinary Academy in vitro, using conventional flotation and microscopic research methods. Material for the study was selected from patients experimentally invaded by chicken eimeriosis during defecation. Feces were studied by the Fulleborn flotation method, feces samples were placed in Petri dishes, kept in a thermostat at +18, + 20 ° С. The drying process (moisture loss) was monitored by weighing, and the development and viability of Eimeria oocysts were microscopical. The counting of the number of non-sporulated and sporulated oocysts in 1 g of feces using a Goryaev camera was carried out. As a result of the study, it was found that the drying of feces negatively affects the development and viability of bird eimeria oocysts. With a decrease in moisture of 31.97 ± 1.24% and 41.67 ± 0.47% in feces, respectively, from 65.8 ± 0.7 to 80.6 ± 0.9% oocysts die, and with moisture loss of 65, 48 ± 1.35% and 70.9 ± 1.2% and from 91.4 ± 0.7% to 100% Aimeria oocysts die.