Дослідження цитохімічних маркерів піометри кішок

Abstract

У роботі наведені результати цитологічної діагностики піометри у кішок. Встановлено, що ця репродуктивна патологія характеризується зсувами гематологічних показників та істотними змінами цитологічного складу та цитохімічної реактивності фагоцитів слизової оболонки геніталіїв. Піометра супроводжувалась різким збільшенням популяції реактивних нейтрофільних гранулоцитів та змінами в активації апоптозу і нетозу фагоцитів. В динаміці лікування відзначали динамічне зменшення кількості лейкоцитів та згасання реактивної нейтрофілії, відбувалось нормалізація гематологічних та імунологічні показників гомеостазу.

The results of the cytological diagnosis of the pyometra in cats are presented in the work. It has been established that pathology is characterized by displacements of haematological parameters and significant changes in the cytological composition and cytochemical reactivity of phagocytes of the mucous membrane of the genitalia. The pyometra was accompanied by a sharp increase in the amount of neutrophil granulocytes and changes in the activation of apoptosis and phagocytic NETosis. Signs of the disease were diagnosed in the post-traumatic period. In a detailed clinical study, it was found that in the open form of the pyometra, the main symptoms of the disease in animals were generalized inhibition, subfibrillary fever, thirst, disuria, increase in the abdomen. Sick cats had a discharge from a vagina yellowish or greenish with a specific smell of mucous purulent-catarrhal exudate. Acute inflammatory reaction in the organism of animals was accompanied by active migration of phagocytes into the zone of pathological process. In micropreparations taken from the vaginal mucosa, a sharp increase in the number of neutrophilic granulocytes was observed, most of them with signs of apoptosis. The pathological process was manifested by an increase in the number of NBT-reactive neutrophils with the highest degree of reactivity. Endometrial inflammation also manifested itself as a severe exudative reaction with the active involvement of phagocytic cells in the area of the pathological process of neoplasm, the essence of which is the functional ability of neutrophil granulocytes to form extracellular protective traps (NETs). Among the cellular elements in micropreparations, a significant number of coccal and sticky-shaped forms of microorganisms were detected. Microbiological studies in the exudate identified the polymicrobial association of microorganisms. The isolates were mainly dominated by pathogenic strains of E. coli, Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp. etc. Isolated microflora showed the highest antibiotic susceptibility to Amococillin. In an ultrasonography study, patients with a pyometra observed an increase in the body and horns of the uterus, which were stretched by accumulated fluid, thickening the organ wall (mainly due to the endometrium), a clear picture of the glandular-cystic hyperplasia of the endometrium was visualized. The research has tested a treatment regimen with the use of Aglepriston (Alizin® Virbac, France) in combination with Mastometrin and antibiotic therapy (Amoscillin 15%, INVESA, Spain). During the treatment the fever, vomiting and polydipsia have disappeared and the appetite was restored. Laboratory studies have established a dynamic reduction in the number of leukocytes and fading reactive neutrophilia. Major hematological and immunological parameters of homeostasis were restored.