Макроскопічні зміни в серці та кровоносних судинах свійських і декоративних птахів за туберкульозу

Abstract

У статті наведені дані макроскопічного дослідження серця та кровоносних судин свійських та декоративних птахів за туберкульозу. Діагностовано тампонаду серця, перикардити, кардіосклероз/фіброз, ішемію міокарда, інтенсивні хронічні васкуліти та їх ускладнення: аневризму, розрив аорти та/чи інших судин, геморагії, гематоми, ішемію, анемію, тромбози.

The results of the study of macroscopical changes in the structural components of the heart and the walls of vessels of different caliber in domestic and ornamental birds that died from tuberculosis are presented. The object of the study was the forms of cardiovascular pathologies in generalized poultry tuberculosis. The aim of the study is to identify and classify macroscopical changes in the heart and wall of bloods vessels in generalized poultry tuberculosis. Materials and research methods. The work was done at the Department of Normal and Pathological Morphology of KhSZA. The following methods were used: pathological autopsy, its analysis, macro-microscopic examination of the heart and wall of bloods vessels using weak-optical lenses, thanatogenetic analysis. 18 adult birds of different species with a comprehensively established diagnosis of "Tuberculosis avium" were studied: pheasants (n = 5), peacocks (n = 3), quail (n = 7), chickens (n = 3). Result of the research. The following cardiac pathologies were diagnosed: cardiac tamponade, pericarditis (constrictive and exudative-constrictive with obliteration of the pericardial cavity); myocarditis; areas of ischemia with an area of damage from 10 % to 50 % or more. Using weak-fold optical lenses in the myocardium of individual birds, miniature scars were detected, located partially perivascular (diagnosed with cardiosclerosis, fibrosis with a diffuse structure, focal hypertrophy of preserved areas of the myocardium). Vascular pathologies differed in complexity and intensity. Ornamental birds were diagnosed with aortic sclerosis, a complication of atherosclerosis (thrombosis, hemorrhage into a disintegrated atheroma), rupture of the aorta and other vessels, hemorrhages, hematomas, anemia, ischemia, thrombosis of mesenteric vessels, thrombophlebitis.