Вплив позакореневого підживлення препаратами «Аватар – 1» та humin plus на врожайність сої

Abstract

Наведено результати ефективності позакореневого підживлення сої препаратами дозволеними для використання в органічному землеробстві «АВАТАР–1» і HUMIN PLUS, а також їх спільне застосування на фонах із різними рівнями основного удобрення (без добрив, P60K60 та N40P60K60). Отримані дані свідчать про відсутність істотної різниці від підживлення мікродобривами, обробки гуматами та від внесення азотних добрив на врожайність сої в умовах 2014 року. Стимулювання ростових процесів без забезпечення рослин основними елементами живлення у достатній кількості не ефективне та не має сенсу.

Изложены результаты эффективности внекорневой подкормки сои препаратами разрешенными для использования в органическом земледелии «АВАТАР-1» и HUMIN PLUS, а также их совместное применение на фонах с различными уровнями основного удобрения (без удобрений, P60K60 и N40P60K60). Полученные данные свидетельствуют об отсутствии существенных отличий от подкормки микроудобрениями, обработки гуматами и от внесения азотных удобрений на урожайность сои в условиях 2014 года. Стимулирование ростовых процессов без обеспечения растений основными элементами питания в достаточном количестве не эффективно и не имеет смысла.

Soya is one of the most productive legumes with high protein and plant oil content. In addition, because of its ability to enter into a symbiotic relationship with nodule bacteria, soya is extremely valuable crop for sustainable development of agro-ecosystems. Today it is a leader in global agricultural production and the areas under this culture has a strong tendency to increase. Soybeans high and stable yields obtaining is an important task of the agricultural sector in Ukraine. The aim of research was to determine the effectiveness of soybean foliar dressing by preparations "Avatar 1" and HUMIN PLUS authorized for use in organic farming on backgrounds of different levels of basic fertilization (without fertilizers, P60K60 and N40P60K60). The objects of research were the features and efficiency of soybean foliar dressing in conditions of organic production on the podzolized chernozem of Left Bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine. Research conducted in temporary small plot field experiment based on extended inpatient department of agricultural chemistry experiment experimental field Slobozhansky NSC «Institute for Soil Science and Agrochemistry Research named after O.N. Sokolovsky» The soil under experiment - podzolized clayey loam chernozem. It was determined that in conditions of 2014, which was characterized by a relatively good water supply, additional yield from phosphorus-potassium fertilizers were not obtained. Additional yield of 0,68 t/ha was obtained on the variant with full dose N40P60K60 as a result of nitrogen fertilizer (N40) action. Use of the preparation «HUMIN PLUS» contributed to the yield increase in variant without fertilizers and P60K60 on 0,45 t/ha and on 1 t/ha respectively, and differences in yield in the background N40P60K60 is not fixed. The effectiveness of micronutrients «Avatar 1» (0,2 l/ha) was observed in variants without fertilization and in P60K60, but it was inferior comparatively preparation «HUMIN PLUS» one. Micronutrients were not effective in the variant with the full dose of fertilizers N40P60K60, yields were even lower at 0,34 t/ha. The combined application of micronutrients and humates in the control variant without fertilizers resulted in yields reduce on 0,35 t/ha but not on its increase. The expected cumulative effect on soybean growth and grain yield from complex humates and micronutrients application on variants with phosphorus-potassium and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium backgrounds were not obtained. The lowest yield obtained on variant humates + fertilizers on background without fertilizers. Thus, one can suggest that the stimulation of growth processes does not make sense when plants are not supplied with major nutrients in sufficient quantity The total level of soybean yield in the background Р60K60 is higher than in the control, and in the background N40P60K60 it is higher than in P60K60. However, taking into account the results of data analysis of variance, the significant difference in soybean yield as a result of dressing by micronutrients, dressing by humates and application of nitrogen fertilizer was not found. Since plants obtained the required amount of nitrogen in the growth process from nodule bacteria, which accumulated nitrogen from the atmosphere a best variant is to apply P60K60 and crops dressing by humates. The chemical composition of soybean seeds shows that among agrochemical techniques tested in the experiment mineral fertilizers are most efficient for the accumulation of main nutrients in plants. Growth processes stimulation without plant providing by basic nutrients in sufficient quantity does not make sense.