Вплив добрив та позакореневих підживлень на елементи структури врожаю рослин сої за мінімізації обробітку ґрунту

Abstract

Досліджено вплив азотних добрив на фосфорно-калійному фоні та позакореневих підживлень мікродобривом «Росток Бобові» за різних способів обробітку ґрунту на елементи структури врожаю сої. Установлено, що добрива в нормі N60P60K60 сумісно з підживленням забезпечили найвищу масу, кількість зерен та врожайність сої. За оранки вона становила 4,71, мінімального обробітку – 4,35, прямої сівби – 3,88 т/га.

Исследовано влияние азотных удобрений на фосфорно-калийном фоне и внекорневых подкормок микроудобрением «Росток Бобовый» при различных способах обработки почвы на элементы структуры урожая сои. Установлено, что удобрения в норме N60P60K60 совместно с внекорневой подкормкой обеспечили высокую массу, количество зерен. и урожайность сои. При вспашке она составляла 4,71, минимальной обработке – 4,35, прямом севе – 3,88 т/га.

Aim of research was to study the influence of nitrogen fertilizers and foliar feeding on soybeans harvest structure elements with minimal tillage. Agrochemical evaluation of application of nitrogen fertilizers was performed with application of P60K60 with plowing, minimum tillage and directseeding. In control variant P60K60 was applied. Fertilizers dozes increased from N20P60K60 to N80P60K60 with fold increase of N20 in the variants. Tillage variant included: precursor stubble peeling (10–12 cm), autumn plowing (25–27 cm), preplant cultivation (10–12 cm). Minimal tillage included precursor stubble peeling (10–12 cm), preplant cultivation (10–12 cm). Direct seeding included only fertilizers mixing on the depth of 3–4 cm with Vaderstad Carrier 400. Sowing of seed of Merlin variety was performed with SuperWalter W1700 seeder. Micro fertilizer feeding was performed during stem extension stage, with application of 3 liters/ha of fertilizer for all experiment variants. Field and laboratory experiments were conducted with defining of biometrical structure indicators (number of seeds and weight of 1000 seeds). Positive impact of nitrogen on P-K background and foliar feeding with micro fertilizer “Rostoc bobovi” with application of different plowing types was defined. Input of fertilizers N60P60K60 and foliar feeding facilitated maximum weight, number of seeds and soybeans yield capacity. With application of plowing yield was 4.71, minimum tillage – 4.35, direct seeding – 3.88 t/ha. High input of N80P60K60 did not have positive impact on growth and development of soybean plant and yield capacity was lower, compared to other variants.