Мікроморфологічна діагностика чорноземів типових природного та агрогенного грунтогенезу

Abstract

Проведено мікроморфологічну діагностику чорноземів типових в природних і культурних екосистемах „Михайлівської цілини” та надано порівняльну характеристику основних компонентів мікробудови грунтів. Отриманні данні свідчать про яскраво виражений прояв основних процесів чорноземоутворення.

Проведена микроморфологическая диагностика черноземов типичных в природных и культрных экосистемах «Михайловской целины» и наведены сравнительные характеристики основных компонентов микростроения почв. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о ярко выраженном проявлении основных процессов черноземообразования,

Tue micromorphological diagnostics of chornozem of Mihailovska cilina had been conducted and the comparative characteristics of the main components of soil microstructure was carried out. Micromorphological diagnosis chernozem pedogenesis allows quite complex to decipher the following processes: 1) humification; 2) humificsation; 3) structure formation; 4) coutens formation; 5) transformation of mineral soil and so on. Research profile micromorphological structure typical chernozem on loess loam medium loam Ukrainian state department of natural steppe reserve «Mihailovska cilina» presented in this paper aimed at learning features humus – accumulative process pedogenesis in virgin chernozems (age 10-11 thousand years) and determine the structural reorganization of plasma and skeleton in arable soils (100-120 years plowing). Typical micro structure of virgin soil profile is very different from agrogene micro structure soil arable layer . These differences are: micro taking the arable layer differs advantage not aggregate material dense structure; main area visible porosity formed by large irregular pores and channels; well below the bulk micro units; smaller number and size of clusters of dark brown finely dispersed humus; in micro drafting subsoil 20-50 cm dominate spongy and aggregated material unlike arable ( 0-20 cm). These differences in micromorphology chernozem is the result of certain features pedogenesis under different types of vegetation , and the nature, quantity and material composition of organic matter entering the soil. The received data micro morphological structure of typical chernozem in natural ecosystems and cultural steppes of Ukraine show a pronounced pedogenesis chernozems. In micromorphological level clearly distinguished arable horizon that distinguishes agrochernozems at the typical level .