Коштовне каміння в надрах України

Abstract

У надрах України виявлено поклади гемологічних мінералів, які є сировиною для виготовлення предметів декоративно-прикладного мистецтва і вставок у ювелірні вироби в біжутерію, створення і поповнення колекцій різного призначення. Це – топаз, берил, кварц, бурштин, родоніт, онікс, яшма та ін. Наведено опис різновидів мінералу групи берилу. Цей мінерал у всі часи високо цінували як коштовне каміння.

Ukrainian deposits of gemological minerals, which are raw material for the manufacturing decorative art objects, embedding for jewelry and imitation jewelry products, creating and updating collections of different purpose are discovered. These are topaz, beryl, quartz, amber, rhodonite, onyx, jasper and others. This article describes the differences of the beryl mineral group. This mineral has always been highly valued as a precious stone. Most of the deposits of beryl crystals are unique high-quality raw materials of gemological materials group. In the USSR, the synthesis of emeralds (beryl) began in the 60s of the previous century. Colorless and slightly colored crystals of beryl extracted from the interior of Volyn deposit were used for this purpose. Other types of beryl in the interior of Ukraine are found among the pegmatite solids of Volyn deposit. The features of beryl deposits are complete absence of the elements characteristic for the variety of emerald in their composition. In the pegmatite of the deposit, the following varieties (according to the number) are revealed: ordinary beryl, heliodor, aquamarine and goshenite. A variety of jewelry is made of emeralds. Transparent crystals, which are very rare, are used for embedding jewelry and jewelry in the form of cabochon is made of slightly transparent and nontransparent crystals. Emeralds cost ranges from 2,000 to 10,000 and more dollars per carat and, of course, depends on the quality of the stone.