Анализ состояния среднего и малого бизнеса в Украине как основы развития молодежного предпринимательства

Abstract

Проведено исследование состояния, проблем и перспектив развития среднего и малого бизнеса в Украине. Определен характер участия молодежи Украины в бизнесе, проанализирована специфика предпринимательской активности молодежи в Украине, установлены причины низкой предпринимательской активности среди молодежи и факторы, ограничивающие рост бизнеса молодых предпринимателей. Установлены основные направления осуществления необходимых положительных сдвигов в преодолении проблем становления молодежного предпринимательства в Украине, его активизации и развития, исходя из передового опыта ведения бизнеса внутри и между странами Восточного партнерства и Европейского Союза в рамках транснационального сотрудничества между образованием, наукой и бизнесом.

The study of the state, problems and prospects of medium and small business development in Ukraine is presented in the research paper .The dynamic changes of the number and structure of medium, small and micro Ukrainian enterprises and their distribution by types of economic activity are analyzed; the prevailing forms of management in all types of economic are established. The importance of small business in creating gross domestic product and in employment is shown. For a long time the national economy has been characterized by an unfavorable business climate which created difficulties for the youth entrepreneurship development. The factors which provide the expansion of youth participation in small and medium businesses in the context of the international competitive space entering are studied. The nature of Ukrainian youth participation in business is determined. The most common types of entrepreneurship were identified on the base of young entrepreneurs’ successful business projects analysis. The main reasons of low entrepreneurial activity among young people and the factors which limit the growth of the young entrepreneurs’ business were established on the base of results of nationwide complex theme study of the Ukrainian youth’s entrepreneurial activity characteristics. There are no available and effective economic incentives for youth entrepreneurship in Ukraine and the system of vocational orientation is not sufficiently developed. It is necessary to study the experience of successful countries for creation more suitable circumstances for young people’s self-employment. Ukrainian government takes measures for creating entrepreneurial potential and favorable conditions for the youth entrepreneurship development. However government support is not always effective: the institutional support for youth entrepreneurship is absent, the regulatory framework and financial instruments are imperfect for forming an effective mechanism of state influence on this business segment. Ways for increasing Ukrainian youth’s entrepreneurial activity at the national and European levels are proposed on the base of analysis of the best business practice which is based on the synergies between business, science and education in the countries of the Eastern Partnership and the European Union.