Неокорпоративізм в умовах глобалізації: досвід Західної Європи

Abstract

Розглядається феномен неокорпоративізму в епоху глобалізації. Компаративний аналіз сутності соціальної, ліберальної та інтеграційної (скандинавської) моделей неокорпоративізму дозволяє виділити вказаний феномен у трьох принципових вимірах: як форму і процес представництва інтересів через державний механізм; як диференційовану модель прийняття політичних рішень із залученням соціального партнерства; як особливу форму держави в рамках демократичних і капіталістичних співтовариств, котрі визначають форми й динаміку політичної системи.

The phenomenon of neocorporativism in the era of globalization is considered. Neocorporativeness is a trend that is observed in Western polyarchies. Its main feature is to provide a group of persons with common interests, privileged and legitimate access to the processes of forming a political course. Key areas in the study of neocorporeurism are classical, structuralfunctional and integrative approaches. A comparative analysis of the essence of social, liberal, and integration (Scandinavian) models of neocorporativeness allows to distinguish this phenomenon in three fundamental dimensions: the form and process of representation of interests through the state mechanism; as a differentiated model of political decision-making with the involvement of social partnership; as a special form of state within the framework of democratic and capitalist communities, which determine the forms and dynamics of the political system. Corporate mechanisms of European integration are based on the informal interaction of economic players in one territory (possibly divided by state borders), which can serve as a model for the organization of regional integration processes. The corporate features are both some of the European Union's authorities and certain programs financed by them, such as programs for cross-border and crossborder cooperation, primarily form the "informal", business and social interaction landscape. At present, the European Union is a unique example of not only formal but also corporate integration based on the informal interaction of economic players in one territory and can serve as a model for organizing regional integration processes. The main directions of the transformation of the concept of neocorporativeness lie in its cyclicality or the ability to change its face in the context of changing economic and political realities. The future concept is seen in the formation of supranational non-corporate practices that should help resolve political differences and achieve consensus for economic purposes among the major groups of international actors.