Соціально-економічні імперативи розвитку України

Abstract

В статті, на основі проведеного аналізу рівня життя населення, а саме мінімальної заробітної плати та тарифів на житлово-комунальні послуги в України і США розглянуто та сформовано основні соціально економічні проблеми розвитку на сучасному етапі, визначення проблем, що не дають можливості їх в реалізації в повному обсязі. З використанням макроекономічних факторів економічного зростання, зокрема факторів пропозиції, зроблені деякі висновки. Авторами визначено основні напрямки в перспективі розвитку української економіки.

In the article, based upon the empirical analysis of the standard of living of the population, namely, the minimum wage and tariffs for housing and communal services in Ukraine and the United States, the main socio-economic development problems at the present stage are examined. The problems that do not allow socio-economic development to be realized in full are defined. As a result of the studies, a corresponding legal and regulatory framework was established, which contains a methodology for the subsistence minimum determination, a set of food products, a set of non-food products and a set of services for the main social and demographic groups of the population, and which determines the indicators of average wage (income). Research has shown that in modern realities the Ukrainian economy is under difficult conditions: military actions, uncertainty of political processes and persistence of internal national duality, the economic crisis and other factors slow its development. For further development of Ukraine, many social and economic problems require the solution. At the current stage of country’s development, documents regulating the social and everyday sphere of the economy are approved and in function. It should be noted that normative legal acts define various indicators that we used in research, namely: the subsistence minimum, the minimum wage and the average wage. The analysis showed that the wage does not coincide with any of the presented sources. Thus, the data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine were used. It is unclear how the database is formed and why such significant differences are in place- the respective figures differ almost twofold. Therefore, the most likely accurate information is the information of the Pension Fund of Ukraine. The analysis of tariffs on heating, hot water and water supply showed that they are regulated at the local level (level of settlements). During the period of the study in Ukraine the tariff level rose from 81.8% for water supply to 474.7% for gas, while the average wage increased only by 78.1%, that is the lowest progress among the figures presented. This trend indicates deterioration in the quality of life and an increase in poverty among the population. The presented calculations show a sufficiently low level of ability of Ukrainian population to meet their own needs. The conducted researches testify to the destructive approach regarding social policy in Ukraine. The population of Ukraine is not in a position to fully satisfy its needs for food, rest, not mentioning other expenses. Using macroeconomic factors of economic growth, incl. factors of the supply, some conclusions are drawn. The authors identified the main directions in the perspective of the Ukrainian economy development.

В статье, на основе эмпирического анализа уровня жизни населения, а именно минимальной заработной платы и тарифов на жилищно-коммунальные услуги в Украине и США рассмотрены и сформированы основные социально-экономические проблемы развития на современном этапе, определение проблем, которые не дают возможности их в реализации в полном объеме. С использованием макроэкономических факторов экономического роста, в частности факторов предложения, сделаны некоторые выводы. Авторами определены основные направления в перспективе развития украинской экономики.