Дефініція категорії "підприємницька діяльність"

Abstract

Проведено критичний історичний аналіз існуючих визначень категорії «підприємницька діяльність». Узагальнено основні підходи до визначення її сутності, які сформувалися у вітчизняній теорії та практиці, що дозволило сформулювати авторське уявлення про це явище. Виокремлено основні аспекти підприємницької діяльності, що конкретизують характерні риси сучасного підприємця, який працює в умовах жорсткої конкуренції на ринку товарів та послуг.

Critical historical review of the existing theories of entrepreneurship is presented in the article, and based on the systematization of these theories in terms of an entrepreneur’s role the following three groups of definitions were distinguished: as an owner of capital, an organizer of production, a subject of market competition. It was found out that these definitions do not contradict, but complement and concretize each other, is a basis for modern researchers. However, the presented definitions take into account all the aspects of entrepreneurship characteristic for modern level of economic and social relations. As a result of investigating modern definitions of entrepreneurial activity three main approaches, formed in the national theory and practice, in terms of its essence were distinguished: profitable, personal and motivational. It allowed formulating author’s concept of entrepreneurial activity as a self-sufficient, carried out at own risk and responsibility, economic activity of a legislatively registered entrepreneurship entity that is closely related to the involvement of existing and potential resources into economic turnover, that has systematic, justified, innovative nature and is aimed at obtaining social and personal benefit. Taking into consideration versatility of the category of entrepreneurial activity, its main aspects that concretize the characteristic features of a modern entrepreneur working under conditions of harsh competition, were distinguished: moral, political, social, economic, legal, innovative, national, personal.