Взаємозв’язок гормонального фону та прооксидантно-антиоксидантного гомеостазу у свинок залежно від фаз статевого циклу

Abstract

Висвітлено результати дослідження про особливості динаміки гормонального фону і його взаємозв’язок з метаболічними процесами в організмі свинок різних генотипів залежно від фази статевого циклу. Виявлено, що концентрація естрадіолу у сироватці крові свинок великої білої породи в період еструса відносно діеструса підвищувалась на 21,6%, п’єтрен на 23,2%, Ці зміни відбувалися на тлі прискорення перебігу процесів пероксидації. Встановлено існування суттєвих кореляційних взаємозв’язків між гормональним фоном та проксидантно-антиоксидантним гомеостазом.

Under the conditions of modern pig breeding, the problem of taking into account the individual physiological peculiarities of the body of sows in the process of sexual development is acute. That is why, in the event of a breach of the proper organization of the system of reproduction of pigs, there is infertility up to 30% in sows. The purpose of the study was to determine the peculiarities of dynamics of the hormonal background and its interconnection with the metabolic processes in the body of pigs of different genotypes, depending on a phase of the sexual cycle. Experiments were performed on two groups of clinically healthy pigs Pietrain breed and Large White breed. To assess the hormonal, morphological and biochemical status and PAH (prooxidant-antioxidant homeostasis) blood was taken from pigs from the anterior hollow vein in different phases of the sexual cycle - estrus and diestrus. The content of steroid and thyroid hormones in blood serum was determined by the electrochemiluminescence method. Separate biochemical parameters of homeostasis - creatinine, urea, alkaline phosphatase and macroelements (inorganic phosphorus, calcium) - with an automatic biochemical analyzer. The concentration of sodium and potassium ions was investigated by the ion-selective method. The assessment of the prooxidant-antioxidant homeostasis was carried out by analyzing the amount of secondary products of peroxide oxidation and the level of antioxidant defense in pig’s blood serum. It was found that the concentration of estradiol in the blood serum of Large White breed pigs, in the period of the estrus relative to diestrus increased by 21.6%, in the pigs of Pietrain breed - by 23.2%. These changes occurred with a decrease in the level of progesterone in the first genotype in 4 times (p <0.01), the second in 3.2 times (p <0,05). The maximum inter-breed difference in the content of progesterone and estradiol during the estrus was 29,2% and 31,3% in favor of Large white breed. The concentration of testosterone decreased by 16.6% in the pigs of Large White breed in the phase of sexual excitation, while in the Pietrain breed increased by 37.5% (p <0.01). Regarding the amount of thyroxin, it tended to increase in the first genotype by 10,6%, in the second by 16,5%, and the amount of triiodothyronine, by contrast, decreased by 34.8% and 50.5%. During the experiment, a significant acceleration of the process of peroxidation into the estrus phase was established, which was confirmed by the growth of the concentration of diene conjugates and TBK-active complexes in animals of Large White breed, respectively, by 29.6% and 25.9%, and in Pietrain by 30.6% and 30%. These changes were accompanied by an increase in the level of antioxidant protection, in particular, an increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase, respectively, in the first genotype by 45% and 11.5%, the second by 22,1% and 20%. In the pigs in the estrus phase, a significant effect of the hormonal background on the proxy-antioxidant homeostasis has been established. In the Pietran breed the amount of progesterone directly correlated with diene conjugates (r = 0.84), TBK-active complexes (r = 0.68), SOD activity and catalase, respectively r = 0.82 and r = 0.73. Significant correlations between progesterone and diene conjugates (r = 0.53), TBK-active complexes (r = 0.95) were found in pigs of the Large White breed. Strongly correlated the content of estradiol with diene conjugates (r = 0.84), TBK-active complexes (r = 0.75).