Cushing’s disease in dogs: diagnosis and treatment in condition of veterinary clinic VCA Spanish River Animal Hospital

Abstract

Hyperadrenocorticism is the excessive release of corticosteroids, particularly glucocorticoids, by the adrenal glands. It may be caused by excessive ACTH release from the pituitary gland or adrenal gland disease. Excessive use of glucocorticoids can potentially cause hyperadrenocorticism. It is commonly related with increased glucocorticoid release from the adrenal glands in both dogs and humans. The cause of high corticosteroid levels in dogs determines whether it is pituitary or adrenal dependant. Cushing's syndrome in dogs is caused by prolonged exposure to excess adrenocortical hormones. It is most commonly related with high cortisol levels. Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, increased hepatomegaly, and lethargy are all common indicators. The clinical symptoms include hypertrichosis, muscular weakness, hypercoagulability, hypercalcemia, ferritinemia, and azotemia. The treatment of hyperadrenocorticism is determined by patient variables. Surgery is preferable, but has drawbacks.. Primary medical therapy reduces adrenal steroid production. Re-evaluation and monitoring are necessary. Treatment varies according to clinical symptoms and patient status. Identifying and treating underlying disorders is critical. Complications include an increased risk of infection, thrombosis, diabetes, and worsening of pre-existing conditions.