Efficacy of oral and topical fluralaner for the treatment of generalized demodecosis in dogs

Abstract

Relevance of the topic of the qualification work. Successful canine demodectic mange treatment requires immediate efficacy to eliminate active mites, and sustained activity to prevent re-infestation from in-contact animals and fomites. Mites of the family Demodecidae identified in this study, have been found for most orders of mammals, and they are common in the populations of numerous host species. Therefore, they not only constitute an important subject of veterinary and medical study, but also comprise an excellent model for faunistic and parasitological analyses concerning different aspects of functioning and evolution of the host–parasite relationship and have various significant treatments as demonstrated in this research. The purpose of the qualification work. The comparison of treatment schemes for demodecosis in dogs and efficacy of oral and topical fluralaner from generalized demodecosis in dogs in a veterinary clinic in Israel. Task: This specific study was undertaken to evaluate the clinical efficacy of oral Fluralaner (BRAVECTO®) chewable tablet and topical Fluralaner (BRAVECTO®) in therapy for canine demodicosis with Initial data for work: Data from veterinary reports on demodecosis in dogs for 2022, data from literary sources for the past 10 years, results of laboratory blood tests for demodecosis in dogs, efficacy of oral and topical fluralaner for the treatment of generalized demodecosis in dogs. Object of study. Dogs, oral and topical fluralaner. Subject of study. Generalized demodecosis, efficacy of oral and topical fluralaner Theoretical and practical significance of the obtained results. Fluralaner, the active ingredient of Bravecto has been shown to be effective for treating this skin disease. To confirm this potential under field conditions, two fluralaner formulations were administered to mite-infested, in dogs. Background: Generalized demodecosis can be one of the most frustrating skin diseases one will ever treat. Conventional and newer miticidal therapies are available to veterinarians to treat this skin disease. Canine demodecosis is a common non-contagious parasitic dermatosis caused by different spp of Demodex mites including Demodex canis, Demodex injai and D. cornei. All recognized Demodex mites in dogs appear to respond similarly to mite targeted therapy. 10 dogs suffering from demodecosis were randomly divided in two groups, dogs of group one were treated with Benzoyl peroxide shampoo, Amitraz application weekly and tablet Ivermectin at the dose rate 400mcg/ kg b.wt. for ten weeks and a single dose every 12 weeks and to provide a minimum dose of 11.4 mg/lb (25 mg/kg) body weight for each while dogs of group II were treated similarly but additionally instead of oral Bravecto like group one, they were treated with ampules with the dose Each 1 ml contains 280 mg fluralaner so each dog was give topically corresponding to a dose between 25 and 56 mg fluralaner/kg body weight. Based on the results obtained, it was concluded that oral and topical administration have positive and same effects that enhances the recovery in dogs affected by demodectic mites. Results: It was proven in this research that after a single oral administration of BRAVECTO® chewable tablets, mite numbers in skin scrapings were reduced by 87.6% on Day 28 and by 96.5% on Day 56 and 98.9% on day 84. Mite numbers in the dogs treated with topical BRAVECTO® at 28- day were reduced by 85.8. % on Day 28, by 96.2% on Day 56 and by 95.7% on Day 84. Statistically significantly fewer mites were found on Days 56 and 84 on the BRAVECTO® treated dogs both orally and topically. A marked decrease was observed in the occurrence of erythematous patches, crusts, casts and scales in the dogs treated with BRAVECTO® of group both 1 and 2, each treated group, all dogs exhibited hair regrowth ≥ 90% at the end of the study in comparison with their hair-coat at study start. Conclusions: Single oral administration of BRAVECTO® chewable tablets is highly effective against generalized demodecosis, with no mites detectable at 56 and 84 days following treatment. In comparison, topical application of BRAVECTO® at 28-day intervals, is also highly effective against generalized demodecosis, but most dogs still harbored mites at all assessment time points. Both treatments resulted in a marked reduction of skin lesions and increase of hair re-growth 12 weeks after the initial treatment.