Особливості поширення захворювання на дерматофітози серед свійських собак і котів міста Харкова

Abstract

За результатами проведених досліджень вивчено особливості поширення захворювання на дерматофітози серед свійських собак і котів у місті Харкові. Встановлено, що рівень захворюваності серед свійських собак на дерматофітози складає 18,09 %, серед котів – 50,25 %. Найбільший рівень захворювання реєструють серед безпородних тварин: 35,50 % собак і 80,65 % котів. Захворювання частіше реєструють серед молодих тварин у віці до 4 років.

Dermatophytosis is one of the most common infectious diseases of the skin and its derivatives (Macura, 1993; Kovalenko, Nesterenkova, Ponomarenko, Ponomarenko, & Kovalenko, 2015; Ponomarenko, 2017). These diseases do not cause significant mortality among patients, but pathogens of dermatophytosis cause a high level of morbidity of susceptible animal species, which presents a special epidemiological danger to humans (Chermette, Ferreiro, & Guillot, 2008; Havlickova, Czaika, & Friedrich, 2008; Shokri, & Khosravi, 2016). There are numerous reports of a significant spread of dermatophytosis among different species of animals and humans and the presence of a wide range of carriers of fungal dermatophytes (Havlickova, Czaika, & Friedrich, 2008; Ural, Yağci, & Ocal, 2009; Nweze, 2011; Cafarchia, Weigl, Figueredo, & Otranto, 2012; Cafarchia, Figueredo, & Otranto, 2013; Ahdy, Younis, Baraka, Sayed-Ahmed, & El-khodery, 2016; Tartor, El Damaty, & Mahmmod, 2016; Ponomarenko, 2017). In addition, it is important to have certain differences in the implementation of preventive and therapeutic measures for animal dermatophytosis in institutions of veterinary medicine of various forms of ownership. The purpose of the work was to study the peculiarities of the dermatophytosis disease spread in domestic dogs and cats in the conditions of the city of Kharkiv. Research on the studying the peculiarities of dermatophytosis spread among domestic dogs and cats, analysis and generalization of the data obtained, were carried out in the period from 2012 to 2018 in the conditions of the private veterinary clinics "Fauna", "Aibolit" and "Avicenna" (Kharkiv) and the educational and scientific laboratory of molecular genetic research methods named after P.I. Verbitskiy at the Department of Epizootology and Veterinary Management of the KhSZVA. Diagnostic studies to determine the level of morbidity of domestic dogs and cats for dermatophytosis were performed in a complex way, according to generally accepted methods (Kovalenko et al., 2017; Sutton et al., 2001). In this case the results of clinical and epizootic, microscopic and mycological laboratory studies were taken into account. According to the results of the conducted studies, there was determined that the level of morbidity among domestic dogs for dermatophytosis is 18.09%, among cats - 50.25%. The breed susceptibility to dermatophytosis is characterized by a higher level of morbidity among non-breeding dogs, which is 35.50%. Among dogs of other breeds, dermatophytosis is more often registered in German Shepherd dogs (24.24%), Staffordshire (12.55%), and Yorkshire Terriers (12.12%). Non-breeding cats are more likely to have dermatophytosis - 80.65%. The disease ismore often registered among young animals under the age of 4 years. Male animalsare predominantly affected by dermatophytosis: the ratio of males to females among dogs is 57.14% to 42.86%, and among cats - 64.07% to 35.93%.