Інноваційність і розвиток торговельних мереж

Abstract

Зважаючи на специфічне місце роздрібної торгівлі в економіці країни, наголошено на пріоритеті впровадження в ній інновацій для підвищення ефективності та конкурентоспроможності галузі загалом. Проаналізовано рівень інноваційності найбільших торговельних мереж країни у взаємозв’язку з результатами їх функціонування. Виявлено недоліки методичного інструментарію оцінювання рівня інноваційності суб’єктів ритейлу. Обґрунтовано потребу його вдосконалення з урахуванням галузевої специфіки ритейлу; забезпечення однорідності досліджуваної групи підприємств; корегування вагових коефіцієнтів значущості окремих складових рейтингу.

Business efficiency and competitiveness of retail businesses cannot be achieved without active innovation. Innovation is a powerful catalyst for the adaptation of enterprises to the current conditions of the knowledge economy and an effective tool for ensuring its competitiveness. Retail has the largest number of enterprises among other sectors of the Ukrainian economy. It accounts for over ten percent of GDP and employment. Retailing has a significant impact on functioning of monetary and financial systems. Without active innovation in retail, it is impossible to ensure positive functioning of the entire economy. The state does not pay due attention to the innovations of retailers. This has a negative impact on the innovation and competitiveness of the retail sector. The available studies mainly highlight theoretical aspects of innovation, methodological tools for evaluating their effectiveness, and specific areas of innovation. There is a need for in-depth research into the state of innovation of both individual retailers and others. It is advisable to compare the innovation of retailers with the dynamics of their development. The results of the first in Ukraine study of the level of innovation of the five largest Ukrainian retailers by income are considered. The assessment of the level of innovation was carried out by the expert method according to the characteristics: product innovation; innovative business processes and staffing; business model innovation; innovation in working with clients; readiness for change. None of the retail companies reached the maximum value (90 points) of the total index. The experts (80 points) recognized only “Silpo” supermarket chain as innovative. It has the lowest ratings of “Business Model Innovation” and “Product Innovation”. However, they are higher than other companies in the study group. The overall innovation index of other retailers is within the range of 47–63 points. It has been found that a certain level of innovation corresponds to a certain level of the activity effectiveness. The trends of foreign companies “Auchan-Ukraine” and “Metro Cash & Carry Ukraine” reflects low level of their innovation development. The dynamics of their income and financial results are unstable. These networks are lagging behind the Ukrainian companies in terms of retail space usage. It was found that the methodological toolkit for assessing the level of innovation of retailers needs improvement. This applies to the consideration of industry specificity; the homogeneity of the studied group of enterprises; adjusting the weighting coefficients of the individual components of the rating. Further research will focus on improving the methodological tools for assessing the level of innovation of retailers and its application in practice.