Градація патоморфологічних змін у селезінці фазанів за туберкульозу

Abstract

Наведені результати патоморфологічного дослідження селезінки фазанів за туберкульозу. Діагностували дві його морфологічні форми: вогнищеву (субміліарно-міліарну; міліарну – із спленомегалією; нодулярну) та – деструктивну (із завершенням у вигляді тотального некротичного спленіту за типом абсцедуючого із флуктуацією у вузлах вмісту розпаду).

The results of a pathomorphological study of spleen pheasants with tuberculosis are presented. The object of this study was four corpses of adult pheasants of various breeds diagnosed with bird tuberculosis. The purpose of the study was to classify the pathomorphological changes in the spleen of pheasants that died from tuberculosis. Materials and methods of the research. The study was done at the department of pathological anatomy and dissection of animals of KhSZVA. The methods of pathologic anatomical dissection of the bird corpses, histopathological examination of the spleen samples and their bacterioscopy by Tsil-Nilsson method were used to detect acid-resistant bacteria. The tuberculosis specificity of the identified pathologies was confirmed based on the results of histopathological studies of selected fragments of the spleen and - bacterioscopy of its smears imprints. In one of four examined samples, pathologies of extremely severe degree were observed. This case of splenic lesions was classified as a total necrotic splenitis according to the type of abscess, in which merging post tubercular nodular disintegration cavities dominated with dilution (fluctuation) of the contents. Visually, the spleen was a multiple-nodular formation (without the presence of the organ tissue itself). All structural units of the organ, with the exception of individual sections of the capsule, were destroyed. At the same time, the changes in liver were relatively less obvious, which indicates the dominant role of splenic lesions and related pathologies in the mechanism of death of this individual. There were following forms of pathology in cases of registration of tuberculous signs of tubercles (granulomas) of different size in the spleen of fallen pheasants were determined: miliary; submiliary-miliary and nodular-confluen. Splenomegaly was recorded with an extreme increase of the organ size due to growths of tuberculous granulomas. The severity of splenic pathologies in bird with tuberculosis was due to the high level of cytolytic changes in it.