Оцінка стану перекисного окислення ліпідів методом хемілюмінесценції у самців кролів за гонадодистрофій

Abstract

У самців кролів за гонадодистрофій виявлено інтенсифікацію процесів перекисного окислення ліпідів, що підтверджується підвищенням інтенсивності хемілюмінесценції сироватки крові і вмісту кінцевого продукту пероксидації ліпідів – малонового діальдегіду.

Reducing the reproductive capacity of males is one of the major problems in andrology. Poor quality of semen and its reproductive capacity, impaired structural and functional characteristics of sperm is a consequence of gonadodystrophy. The leading link in the pathogenesis of various types of gonadodystrophy is the violation of the prooxidant-antioxidant system. Early diagnosis of a complex of pathological processes that develop in gonadodystrophy is possible due to the registration of the intensity of the processes of free radical oxidation. It is known that a highly sensitive way of detecting subtle biochemical shifts is chemiluminescence, which is used to detect free radical oxidation, the development of generalized oxidative stress. The aim of the study was to estimate the state of lipid peroxidation in rabbits with gonadodystrophy by the chemiluminescent method. The main tasks of the study: to investigate the state of the lipid peroxidation system by determining the final product of peroxidation – malondialdehyde in the serum of rabbits with gonadodystrophy; to determine the intensity of rabbit serum chemiluminescence and to determine the use of this technique for the diagnosis of gonadodystrophy. Three groups were formed: control – clinically healthy animals kept on a standard diet; experimental group I – rabbits with alimentary type of gonadodystrophy (prolonged maintenance on a diet deficient in carotene (vitamin A), Zinc); experimental group II – rabbits with gonadodystrophy of toxic type (chronic nitrate-nitrite toxicosis, caused by feeding of sodium nitrate). Serum samples were taken in 15, 30, and 45 day of the study. The concentration of malondialdehyde was determined by a fluorimetry method based on the reaction between malondialdehyde and thiobarbituric acid, which occurs under conditions of high temperature and acidic environment, with the formation of a colored trimethin complex. Spectra of spontaneous chemiluminescence of serum samples were measured on a chemiluminometer "Lum-5773", manufactured by the Russian Federation, which was connected to an interface with a personal computer to record the instrument performance with PowerGraph software (version 3.3). The rate of light chemiluminescence was estimated in 5 minutes. The state of lipid peroxidation in rabbits according to the malondialdehyde content showed a significant increase in the indicator in the experimental groups I, II compared with the control. It was noted that in the animals of the experimental group I with gonadodystrophy of alimentary type there was increased number of malondialdehyde in the serum by 15 days (by 58,3 %, P ˃ 0.001), the figure reached the maximum value by 45 days of the experiment (increase by 76 %, P ˃ 0.001), however, there was a minimal difference between the 30 and 45 day samples. In serum samples of male rabbits with toxic gonadodystrophy, there was a marked increase in malondialdehyde concentration by the 15th day of the experiment (by 75 %, P ˃ 0.001), and by an increase in the number during the experiment (up to 96 % by 45 days, P ˃ 0.001). Data obtained from a chemiluminescent serum study had a similar upward trend as with malondialdehyde in both groups. This may indicate a lack of activity of the body antioxidant protection system and the need for antioxidant therapy, due to the complexity of the chemiluminescence indicator, which is a concomitant marker of free radical oxidation. Chemiluminescent analysis of serum samples of rabbit males showed high efficiency as a diagnostic tool for gonadodystrophy and showed similar results to the malondialdehyde determination. Obtained during chemiluminescent analysis, data indicate the need of therapeutic measures as early as the 15th day of the experiment, due to the significant accumulation of lipid peroxidation products and the lack of adequate response of the organism to the action of external factors.