Науково-освітні засади формування аграрної економіки як галузі знань кінця ХІХ ст.

Abstract

This article analyzes the scientific and educational foundations of the formation of agrarian economy as a field of knowledge at the end of the 19th century. in the aspect of activities of the leading institutions in the field of this science at that time. Within the defined period, important essential characteristics, elements, conditions and functions of the agricultural economy are highlighted in the context of the scientific and pedagogical activities of the founders' economists through the prism of the activities of educational and scientific institutions. Their main scientific works in this field of knowledge are analyzed and presented. The importance of the data of thorough research in the field of agriculture and the impact on the solution of important agro-economic problematic issues have been studied. It is proved that the formation and development of agrarian economy as a theoretical and economic science in the 19th century. connected with thorough scientific, methodical and practical work of leading agrarian-economist scientists (M. Neruchev, O. Lyudogovskyi, O. Shyshkin, M. Ochapovskyi) of the first specialized institutions of that time – the Petrovsk Agricultural Academy and the Institute of Agricultural Economy in Marimont. It was determined that O. M. Shishkin in 1888 was the first to apply a new interpretation of the studied definition as "agricultural economy". A theoretical and methodological model of the formation of agricultural economics as a science at the end of the 19th century has been developed at the higher agrarian and economic school of the Petrovsky Academy and the Institute of Agricultural Economy in Marimont. This model demonstrates the primary goal of the studied theoretical and economic science, establishes the extended subjectivity of its study and, accordingly, the conditions for effective development. The main goal of agrarian economics as a science was formed, which consisted in the organization of rational and efficient management of the economy with the aim of obtaining and increasing net income from activities, shaping the well-being of the population and solving socially important issues in the agrarian and economic sphere.