Вплив цифрової економіки на розвиток економік світу та України

Abstract

Досліджено розвиток цифрової економіки у світі та проблеми її становлення в Україні та країнах, що розвиваються. Проаналізовано поняття «цифрова економіка». Досліджено динаміку змін цифрової економіки у структурі ВВП країн G-20 та вплив цих змін на економічний розвиток. Виявлено недоліки розвитку цифрової економіки в Україні та країнах, що розвиваються, і способи їх подолання.

The research paper is devoted to the study of the current stage of the digital economy development and the consequences of its effect in the world, especially in developing countries. Its original definition is presented on the base of the «digital economy» concept analysis. The main stages of the digital economy formation are highlighted. The dynamics of changes in the digital economy in the GDP structure of G-20 countries and the effect of these changes on economic development and living standards are studied. The digitalization unevenness of the world countries, significant lag of developing countries is identified. The research paper pays special attention to two main factors of value creation in the digital age – digital data and electronic platforms. The rapid development of the digital economy has become possible because of the Internet. Global Internet traffic (2002–2022) dynamics analysis is conducted; it shows global traffic increasing by 450 times over the past 2 years. It is found that more than 40% of the world’s population, primarily in South Asia and Africa, doesn’t have the Internet. The Internet Development Strategy which is proposed by the World Bank helps to understand how to spread the benefits and reduce the costs of digital technology development. The digital economy effect on international enterprises – digital platforms in terms of value and benefits creation is analyzed. The place and role of digital platforms in optimization of production and exchange are identified. Examples of global digital platforms and their contribution to the GDP of countries are presented. The problems with which local platforms are faced because of the global platforms dominance are identified. The main trends of the digital economy development in Ukraine are analyzed; Ukrainian digital economy is not exception from global development trends, but it shows a lag behind the average pace of the digital technologies development in developed and developing countries. It is concluded that countries that have limited potential to convert digital data into «digital intelligence» and commercial opportunities have disadvantageous place in terms of value creation and competitiveness. Measures for the transition to a new level of digital technology development in the «data value chains» and strengthening the internal potential of developing countries are proposed.