Принципи нормативно-правового регулювання зовнішньоекономічної діяльності

Abstract

Згруповано чинники, які негативно впливають на збалансування зовнішніх торговельно-економічних відносин. Проаналізовано підходи науковців щодо виокремлення рівнів нормативно-правового регулювання зовнішньоекономічної діяльності (ЗЕД) та наведено шляхи їх розширення. Визначено основні цілі державного регулювання ЗЕД в Україні. Для досягнення визначених цілей державного регулювання ЗЕД в Україні та вирішення поставлених завдань розширено склад принципів нормативно-правового регулювання цієї діяльності.

The purpose of the article is to regulate the levels and principles of legal regulation of foreign economic activity. It is determined that the main factors that negatively affect the balance of foreign trade and economic relations include: the activities of commercial enterprises in quarantine; disparity in domestic capabilities of trade enterprises and their main trading partners in terms of obtaining economic benefits from mutual integration; non-equivalent international exchange; decline in industrial production of export-oriented goods. It is proposed to include mega-level (level of international organizations and associations), meta-level (level of integration associations and aspirations to join them), macro-level (level, which includes the main bodies of public administration and non-governmental bodies of foreign economic activity), meso level (level of regulation of foreign economic activity at the regional level), micro level (level of business entities). The main goals of state regulation of foreign economic activity in Ukraine are determined: ensuring the balance of the economy and the balance of the domestic market; stimulating progressive structural changes in the economy; creation of the most favorable conditions for the involvement of the national economy in the system of world division of labor; approaching the market structures of developed foreign countries. It is proved that in order to solve socio-ecological problems the state policy of foreign economic activity regulation should provide protection of life and health of citizens, improvement of ecological condition of environment, protection of environment by establishing additional requirements for import of certain goods, effective ecological control, presentation of documents. which certify the quality, environmental and sanitary safety of goods. The solution of economic goals will be facilitated by: establishing a mechanism of equal access of trade enterprises with domestic goods and services with a high share of gross value added to foreign markets by concluding international agreements, establishing the work of the Export Credit Agency, concluding agreements with integration associations; maintaining the competitiveness of goods of domestic trade enterprises, protection of national entrepreneurs by introducing measures to prevent financial and material losses through special anti-dumping and countervailing duties, additional import duties on imported goods that pose a threat. To achieve certain goals of state regulation of foreign economic activity in Ukraine and solve the tasks, the composition of the principles of regulatory regulation of foreign economic activity (compliance, openness, parity, novelty, European integration, transparency, continuity, balance) has been expanded.