Сучасний стан і проблеми розвитку торговельної галузі в Україні

Abstract

Досліджено сучасний стан і виявлено проблеми розвитку торговельної галузі в Україні на основі визначення тенденцій розвитку основних показників і фінансових результатів торговельних підприємств. Проаналізовано порівняльну динаміку обороту роздрібної торгівлі в Україні, наявність об’єктів роздрібної торгівлі підприємств, динаміку й структуру балансу та фінансових результатів підприємств торгівлі. Визначено сучасні тенденції діяльності підприємств торгівлі, узагальнено основні проблеми, що супроводжують їх функціонування й розвиток на товарному ринку України; сформовано пропозиції щодо їх вирішення.

The tense political situation, total decrease in the solvency of population, reduction of the main macroeconomic indicators of the Ukrainian economy, depreciation of hryvnia led to the decrease in business activity of economic entities and negatively influenced trade activity, which led to changes in the structure of consumer demand. Therefore, current state and trends in the development of retail trade in Ukraine is important for effective management of the industry and satisfaction of social needs of the society. The current state is investigated and problems of the trade sector development in Ukraine are revealed based on determining trends in the development of the main indicators and financial results of trading enterprises. Comparative dynamics of retail trade turnover in Ukraine is analyzed, the availability of objects of retail trade enterprises, dynamics and structure of balance and financial results of trading enterprises are analyzed. Modern tendencies of trade enterprises activity are determined, the main problems, which accompany their functioning and development in the commodity market of Ukraine, are generalized, and the proposals for their solution are formed. According to the results of the analysis of indicators of trade enterprises development in Ukraine, negative tendency of the dynamics of retail trade turnover was found. The decrease in the number of retail objects caused the decrease in retail turnover. Positive is the increase in the value assets of trading enterprises’ and the size of long-term liabilities and collateral that indicates credibility of enterprises by creditors. However, despite positive changes in the structure and dynamics of the balance of trading enterprises, their overall activity has become profitable only since 2016, but the share of unprofitable enterprises remains high. Analyzing the obtained trends, one can conclude that trade in Ukraine has signs of the development inhibition since 2016 on the one hand, and on the other hand, it is characterized by the development extensiveness rather than its intensity. The problem of inhibition of the industry development as a whole can be considered as a consequence of inefficient activity of commercial enterprises, and lack of the innovation development. The directions of retail trade development are defined to eliminate the identified negative tendencies. The proposed measures will allow retail chain to grow effectively, improve its territorial organization, bring the consumer closer to retail trade objects and maximally satisfy its needs.