Шляхи оцінювання якості вищої освіти

Abstract

Розглядається багатозначне трактування поняття «якість», обумовлене тим, що у різних випадках, різними авторами, за різних обставин під якістю розуміється велика кількість різноманітних специфічних властивостей предметів і явищ. Наведені характеристики якості освіти за дослідженням В. Вікторова. Показано, що під якістю підготовки фахівця розуміється сукупність його властивостей, які дозволяють кваліфіковано і своєчасно виконувати професійну роботу у відповідності з паспортом спеціальності, займати активну громадянську позицію, постійно підвищувати свою кваліфікацію.

Considered meaningful interpretation of the concept of "quality" due to the fact that in different cases, different authors in different circumstances meant by quality large variety of specific properties of objects and phenomena. Shows the characteristics of quality education according to research V. Viktorov. The quality of education is becoming a basic factor in the transformation of society, which requires from a higher education institution the training in a short time of professionals who are highly qualified, competent in professional activities, capable of effectively solving social and economic problems. Improving the quality of education and ensuring access to quality education throughout life for all citizens is one of the main tasks of the state policy of Ukraine in the field of education, specified in the National Doctrine of Education Development. An analysis of scientific sources has shown that there are various interpretations of the concept of "quality of education" and "quality of a specialist", but all of them are based on the concept of "quality" as an economic category. Thus, the specialist understands the set of properties of the concept of "quality", which allows professional and timely to carry out professional activities in accordance with the passport of the specialty, as well as take an active civil position and constantly improve their skills. The quality of higher education needs to be defined in order to assess the results of the implementation of the principles of higher education: competencies, knowledge and skills. The knowledge graduate is able to adequately apply and understand the scope of the specific area of enterprises of the real sector of the economy. We offered some prospects for the development of education as related to the formation and use of innovative technologies in higher education. We showed some ways of assessing the quality of education based on the interpretation of the quality category at the present stage of development. The results of the research are based on the use of general scientific and special methods. Among them, observation (the collection of facts occurring in reality); analysis and synthesis; induction and deduction (to form private and generalized conclusions); scientific аbstraction. One of the factors of improving the quality of the education system, namely public control, as well as conducting a functional analysis to identify the relationship between quality improvement and the costs that the university brings to improve it, is analyzed. As a result of the research, key problems related to improving the quality of education were identified. It was analyzed and recognized that at the university level, in our opinion, it is more appropriate to critically review training programs, evaluation criteria and approaches from a practical point of view, the introduction of investment and innovation technologies in the educational process. Estimating the quality of the education received, it is established that the development of the quality of education is impeded by the insufficient availability of the market for educational services; Lack of mechanisms for targeting the needs of society; Lack of scientific and information and personnel support of higher education and innovation base. The modern system of education quality assessment is not flexible enough and does not meet modern realities of reality and requires a significant adjustment.