Державна підтримка, як чинник регулювання вітчизняного ринку сільськогосподарської техніки в Україні

Abstract

У статті проаналізовано стан державної підтримки матеріально технічного забезпечення сільськогосподарських товаровиробників в Україні. Зроблено висновки про те, державна політика в напрямку фінансування заходів спрямованих на їх підтримку не виважена, формується по залишковому принципу і не може в повній мірі сприяти виконанню поставлених завдань. Запропоновано ряд заходів по виправленню негативної ситуації що слалася, які полягають у необхідності: впорядкування нормативних актів, що регулюють фінансування програм; збільшенні обсягів їх фінансування; посиленні контролю за виконанням грам державного фінансування; перерозподілу напрямків фінансування.

The article analyzes the state of agriculture provision with agricultural machinery and it is clarified that despite the extremely important importance of this branch for the country's economy, today there is a critical situation with the technical provision of the agro-industrial complex. Agricultural enterprises not included in the structure of agricultural holdings provide only 45 to 58 percent of the technological need to machinery, of which almost 90 percent of the units need replacement. The number of worn-out equipment, which each year is written off by enterprises, far exceeds the amount that is procured.The article also analyzes the state of state support of material and technical support of agricultural commodity producers in Ukraine. It has been determined that agrarian policy during the transformation period was characterized mainly by the predominance of tactical rather than strategic goals and programs, and the regulatory activity of the state was not systematic and consistent. Taking into account the above, it was concluded that the problem of increasing the effectiveness of the state influence on the development of the agrarian sector as a whole, and on material and technical support of the crop production sector in particular, is particularly relevant to Ukraine. It is concluded that the state policy in the direction of funding activities aimed at their support is not weighed, formed on the residual principle and can not fully contribute to the accomplishment of the tasks. A number of measures have been proposed for correction of the negative situation, which consist in the necessity of: streamlining of normative acts regulating the financing of programs; increase their funding; strengthening control over the implementation of public funding programs; redistribution of funding directions. An analysis of state support programs for agricultural enterprises makes it possible to conclude that their implementation does not have the desired effect due to: lack of funding by the state; unbalanced fiscal and customs policies, lack of incentives to increase scientific research and accelerate the implementation of their results in agricultural machinery; the general crisis of the country's economy since 2014, connected with the loss of territories, military actions in the east of Ukraine, inflationary processes and the political crisis.