Зміна площі волосяної кутикули в котів за гепатопатій та поліорганної патології

Abstract

У статті наведені дані щодо зміни площі волосяної кутикули (ПВК) у котів за гепатопатії, печінково-ниркового та нирково-печінкового синдромів. Встановлено, що дану методику можна використовувати в диференціальній діагностиці різних варіантів патології печінки й нирок у комплексі з клінічними, інструментальними і лабораторними дослідженнями, а також за диспансерного обстеження тварин даного виду.

In veterinary medicine the skin is an important indicator on which it is possible to recognize the manifestations of various organic diseases (at structural changes in the skin and coat). Development and improvement of informative, simple and easily feasible methods of hair research with using small amounts of material are relevant because they are not sufficiently studied in veterinary medicine. Such studies can be conducted as one of the diagnostic tests for hepato- and polyorganic pathologies. The purpose of this study was to establish the patterns of changes of the area of the hair cuticle in domestic cats with hepatic insufficiency, and with polyorganic pathology, and to study the possibility of differentiating mono- and polyorganic pathology according to this criterion. The objectives of our study: 1. To form groups of control cats (clinically healthy), sick animals with hepatic insufficiency and with polyorganic pathology based on the results of clinical and laboratory studies. 2. To determine benchmarks for a group of clinically healthy cats based on the area of the hair cuticle. 3. To calculate the area of the hair cuticle in diseased animals and compare the findings with the control group. 4. To assess the possibility of differentiation of hepatic and polyorganic insufficiency by the area of the hair cuticle. 81 cats were examined , of which 61 were sick animals with clinical symptoms of liver disease or polyorganic pathology, 20 − clinically healthy animals of different breeds and gender at the age from 6 months till 18 years. The sick animals were examined by general clinical and special methods of investigation (hematological studies, ultrasound, histological studies). The object of the study for the calculation of the areas of the hair cuticle were the coarse hair of domestic cats. So, 100 % of healthy cats lack the value of the areas of the hair cuticle are in the range of 6-7×10-4 nm2; in 40 % of healthy animals, the areas of the hair cuticle are 8-9×10-4 nm2, in 60 %, − 10-17×10-4 nm2; The more area of the hair cuticle (13 nm2 and higher) is the less likely that in the cats have a latent or initial form of liver disease, and in 100 % of cases there is no polyorganic hepato-renal and renal-hepatic pathology. Monopathology of the liver in cats, depending on the form and stage of the disease, is accompanied by fluctuations of the area of the hair cuticle in the range from 7×10-4 to 15×10-4 nm2; diseases of the liver are not accompanied by the values of the area of the hair cuticle 16×10-4 nm2 and higher. This technique can be used in differential diagnostics of different variants of liver and kidney pathology in combination with clinical, instrumental and laboratory studies, as well as during clinical examination of animals of this species.