Зоогеографический, биотопический и экологический анализ педофауны насекомых (Insecta) лесопарков города Харькова

Abstract

Twelve groupings have been defined in a zoogeographical analysis of insect pedofauna in the municipal forested areas (the ‘green zone') of the Kharkov city. Of the total 133 species included in the analysis, the European-Siberian group form the major part (28.55 %); other groups are represented as follows: Transpalaearctic, 19.55 %; European, 11.29 %; Holarctic, 9.78 %; Steppe, 8.28 %; European-Minor-Asian, 7.51 %; and Mediterranean, 6.78 %. According to their biotopic affinity, the analyzed species fall into 11 groups. Most of species, however, belong to the forest group (57 spp., 42.8 %), the steppe group (48 spp., 36.0 %), and polytopic group (13 spp., 9.7 %). Within the biotopic affinity groups, mesophilic preference is prevailing (94.7 % of forest species and 84.8 % of polytopic species), while steppe species are 54.1% mesophilic and 43.7 % xerophilic. Several factors have been observed to reduce the number of species in the city parks, the most significant of which being the spread of urbanization and obstructed migration pathways resulting from their increased isolation from larger countryside forests as well as from each other. Composition of wood species in a park and the age of the trees also have a considerable effect on the hosted insect fauna. There was a general tendency toward reduction in the overall number of species, while at the same time few of them proliferate disproportionately.