Цифрові платформи в економіці: сучасні тенденції та напрями розвитку

Abstract

Розглянуто тенденції та напрями розвитку цифрових платформ у світовій практиці. Результати дослідження можуть бути використані відповідними державними органами або керівниками підприємств під час розробки програм розвитку цифрових платформ або цифровізації підприємства. У ході дослідження були виявлені переваги та тенденції розвитку цифрових платформ у світовій економіці, визначені інструменти стимулювання їх розвитку.

This platform is one of the most economical and social activities facilitated by platforms. Such platforms are typically online matchmakers or technology frameworks. By far the most common type are "transaction platforms", also known as "digital matchmakers". Examples of transaction platforms include Amazon, Airbnb, Uber and Baidu. A second type is the "innovation platform", which provides a common technology framework for how to build it. Also known as the digital platform or online platform economy, the platform economy is economic and social activity facilitated by platforms. Such activity is wider than commercial transactions, including for example online collaboration on such projects as Wikipedia. While scholarship on platforms sometimes includes discussion of non digital platforms, the term "platform economy" is often used in a sense that encompasses only online platforms. In article tendencies and the directions of digital platforms development in the world practice are considered. Methods of the scientific analysis such as historical and logical approach, comparative analysis and generalization were the methodological basis of the research. Results of the research can be used by the relevant public authorities or company executives during the digital agenda development. In the course of the research benefits and tendencies of digital platforms in the world economy were revealed, the tools for stimulating digital platforms development in the world economy are defined. Based on the analysis of ten largest public Internet companies on the criterion of market capitalization, the process of emergence and detachment of platform economy from the digital economy is considered. The essence is shown and definitions of platform economy and online platform are formulated. The basic principles of functioning of the platform economy, allowing to create open, electronic ecosystems with a lot of users, are revealed.