Великомасштабне картування ділянок моніторингу у НПП «Слобожанський»

Abstract

Наведено результати великомасштабного картування ділянки «Лісове озеро» з фрагментами типових для НПП лісової і болотної рослинності та її опис. Визначено лісознавчі, геоботанічні та созологічних показники підділянок, встановлено кількісні та якісні показники структури відмерлої деревини. Сформовано базу даних з характеристиками ділянок, встановлено горизонтальну структуру лісових насаджень на кругових моніторингових ділянках.

Приведены результаты крупномасштабного картирования участка «Лесное озеро» с фрагментами типичных для НПП лесной и болотной растительности и его описание. Определены лесоводственные, геоботанические и созологические показатели подучастков, установлены количественные и качественные показатели структуры отмершей древесины. Сформирована база данных с характеристиками участков, установлено горизонтальную структуру лесных насаждений на круговых мониторинговых участках.

Modern approaches to forest inventory and monitoring on protected areas are based on using of remote sensing (RS) and sampled statistical research methods (instrumental field measurements). During forest inventory on protected areas in the world it is used to conduct detailed mapping of high valuable protection areas, while for the rest of territory a network of permanent monitoring plots is created. As pilot plot for methods of inventory and monitoring testing valuable forest areas of National Park «Slobozhanskiy» was chosen which is located on the left and right banks of the Merla river. Advanced technologies and equipment Field-Map was used during the study. During this study the following results were obtained a database, the map of especially valuable site and its passport, scheme of horizontal structure of stands at circle monitoring plots. Six subplots were allocated at monitoring plot: a lake with marshy coastal zone, coastal zone of trees and shrubs with domination of Betula pendula and pubescence (birch), two areas of artificial pine stands (plantations), aspen forest stand and recreational lawn. Also, a study was conducted at two monitoring plots that are typical of the park forest stands: highland oak and upland terraces. In aspen stand processes of formation and decomposition of dead wood occurring more rapidly compared to oak, fresh relatively poor condition are less productive than fresh fertile conditions, so the relative stocks of dead wood are higher in aspen stand, while absolute – in oak stands. Floristic diversity was the highest in birch subplot, and lowest in pine plantations. Pine plantations are monocultures of Scotch pine with simplified age and breed structure. The species composition of plants on monitoring plot in oak stand was typical of fresh maple-linden oak forest of left bank Forest steppe. Conducted study enable the following conclusion: using the proposed methods allow evaluating a set of indicators that characterize forest stands: structure, natural regeneration, biodiversity, dead wood, etc; the inventory allows conducting of scientific analysis of environmental and nature conservation role of forests, creating a solid basis for state inventory and cadastre of protected areas, repeated measurements on permanent plots provide an opportunity to assess the dynamics of health, productivity and biodiversity of forests, namely make comprehensive monitoring of forest ecosystems in national park «Slobozhansky». The data will be included in the Chronicle of Nature of the National Park. In future this plot will be used for monitoring of protected ecosystems condition.