Комп’ютерні технології підготовки експерементальних даних у ґрунтознавстві

Abstract

Розглянуто основні етапи комп'ютерної підготовки даних, отриманих у результаті проведення агрономічного експерименту для статистичного обробітку. Наведено приклади ефективного використання комп’ютерних програм під час перевірки первинних експериментальних даних, що характеризують еволюцію чорноземів типових.

Рассмотрено основные этапы компьютерной подготовки данных, полученых в результате проведения агрономического эксперимента для статистической обработки. Приведены примеры эффективного использования компьютерных программ в ходе проверки первичных экспериментальных данных, которые характеризуют эволюцию черноземов.

The main stages of data computer preparation obtained as a result of agronomic experiment for statistical processing are considered. The examples of the efficient use of computer programs while checking the primary experimental data characterizing the evolution of the typical chernozems are given. Mathematical processing and analysis of information obtained in the тresearch process is one of the most important and difficult components of any scientific experiment. The use of computer technologies in this process is not only reasonable, but obligatory. This greatly simplifies and accelerates data processing and it also makes obtained conclusions more informative and reasonable. Therefore, the aim of the publication was to describe in a simplified and accessible form of basic methods and techniques of the preparatory stage of computer processing of experimental data of an agronomic experiment. The object of the research was selected a data array characterizing the evolution of chernozems typical of the South Eastern part of the Forest Steppe region of Ukraine. The research methods were to analyze the effectiveness of the instruments of experimental data computer processing at the preparatory stage of the research. The proposed method of experimental data organization as tables “object feature” allows conducting the analysis using the absolute majority of specialized statistical computer programs. But today a significant number of researchers as the basic data analysis tool unfortunately use only spreadsheets. Spreadsheets are good for accumulation, data preservation, intermediate conversion, preliminary statistical estimation. However, the final statistical analysis is advisable to carry out with the help of specialized programs. Therefore, the choice of a specialized statistical software package is quite important. The article presents the selection criteria of such programs. Based on our own practical experience, we can testify: pre-properly prepares data using any spreadsheets as well as primary data can be quickly analyzed in a specialized (including and commercial) program for the evaluation period. The importance of preliminary classification of the agronomic experiment factors is considered, the examples of classification of non-parametric signs of the conducted experiment in the soil science and their influence on the results are given. The order and the algorithm of data verification for legal compliance with the normal distribution in accordance with the international standards of carrying out experiments in agronomy are cited. The preparatory stage of the experimental data analysis using the given algorithm will significantly speed up the process of data analysis based on computer technologies, improve the quality, clarity and validity of the received conclusions.