Уміст окислених і відновних форм заліза та рухомого мангану у ґрунтах борової тераси р.Сіверський Донець

Abstract

On development of soils of flue terrace deep influence is rendered by such chemical elements as iron and manganese, and also their connections. They are responsible for passing in soils of oxidizing and restoration reactions. Forms of their being in soil are the indicators of aerobically-anaerobic processes, that was represented on fertility of soils and bioproductivity of vegetable cover. They mediated influence on the productivity of vegetable cover and directly – on direction and intensity of passing of processes of formation of soils.Iron and manganese behave to the major elements, morphology of soils, their physical and chemical and chemical properties and even fertility, depends on that. A manganese and iron are able to oxidize and restored, form chelates depending on oxidizing and restoration terms, reactions of environment, contained humus and fresh debrises, necessary for development of microflora. Researches were conducted within the limits of linen of flue terrace of the Syversky Donets river on the day of hollow of blowing and on the apex of sandy hillock, where cespititious soils were formed. Standards soils took away on genetic horizons in triple repeated in summer 2010 and 2011 years. During realization of analyses of the investigated standards of soil the generally accepted methodologies were used. In acid extraction, at correlation of soil to acid as 1: 5, are determined: the recovered and oxidized iron by appling of αα'-2,2'-dipiridil and movable manganese by according of KIO4 – by foto elektrik colorimetric method. The table of contents of the recovered and oxidized forms of iron hesitated in the investigated soils depending on their place of location, depth of selection of standard and research year For cespititious soils of flue terrace predominance of amount of the oxidized forms of iron is characteristic above an amount recovered on the average in 9 times. With a depth in sоils of flue terrace maintenance of the oxidized and recovered forms of iron diminishes. Thus, sharp reduction of the oxidized forms of iron is fixed from a depth 30 cm. Some height of amount of the renewed forms of iron is fixed for cespititious soil of hollow of blow in a layer a 52 cm and deeper, and for cespititious soil of sandy hillock - from a depth 35 см. Content of movable forms of manganese hesitated depending on the type of soil, her location on a hypsography and depth of selection of standard. With a depth in not dependence on the type of soil and to his location on relief maintenance of movable manganese diminished gradually. Among cespititious soils that was studied, the greater amount of the higher marked form of manganese was fixed in cespititious soil of hollow of blowing. The investigated soils of flue terrace are characterized although the tendency of quality differentiation of forms of elements that was studied, in an interannual dynamics. However a quantitative constituent from data of 2011 some differs from data 2010 year. Common content of the renewed iron in cespititious soil of hollow of blowing in 2011 increased unimportant. Content of the oxidized iron, The common amount of movable manganese increased unimportant. In cespititious soil of sandy hillock, like previous soil, common content of the recovered iron in 2011 increased unimportant. The table of contents of the oxidized iron, opposite, diminished from data of 2011 comparatively with data 2010 year. The common amount of movable manganese increased not substantially

Железо и марганец относятся к наиболее важным элементам, от которых зависит морфология почв, их физико-химических и химических свойств и даже плодородия. Исследования проводились в пределах полотна боровой террасы реки Сиверский Донец: на дне котловины выдувания и на верхушке песчаного бугра, где сформировались дерновые почвы. Для дерновых почв боровой террасы характерно преобладание количества окисленных форм железа над количеством восстановленных (в среднем в 9 раз). С глубиной в выше отмеченных почвах содержание окисленных и восстановленных форм железа уменьшается. Причем, зафиксировано резкое уменьшение окисленных форм железа с глубины приблизительно 30 см. Среди дерновых почв, которые изучались, в среднем большее количество выше отмеченной формы марганца было зафиксировано в дерновой почве котловины выдувания.

Залізо і манган належать до найважливіших елементів, від яких залежить морфологія ґрунтів, їх фізико-хімічні та хімічні властивості й навіть родючість. Дослідження проводили в межах полотна борової тераси р. Сіверський Донець: на дні котловини видування та на верхівці піщаного бугра, де сформувалися дернові ґрунти. Для дернових ґрунтів борової тераси характерно переважання кількості окислених форм заліза над кількістю відновлених (у середньому в 9 разів). З глибиною в зазначених вище ґрунтах уміст окислених і відновлених форм заліза зменшується. Причому, зафіксовано різке зменшення окислених форм заліза з глибини приблизно 30 см. Серед дернових ґрунтів, що вивчалися, у середньому більшу кількість зазначеної вище форми мангану було зафіксовано в дерновому ґрунті котловини видування.