Особливості розвитку національної економіки

Abstract

Досліджено сучасний соціально-економічний стан країни та особливості її розвитку за період 2000–2014 рр.; проаналізовано валовий внутрішній продукт України та валовий внутрішній продукт за видами економічної діяльності; визначено особливості розвитку національної економіки та виявлено чинники, які їх зумовили.

Ukraine's economy is the most vulnerable to global macroeconomic imbalances, resulting from unstable world prices for raw material, the existence of excess liquidity in global capital markets and internal structural imbalances inherent in the crisis. The system of national indicators Ukraine still does not provide for the adjustment of GDP and other macroeconomic indicators, taking into account the "shadow" economy, leading to their distortions and misconceptions about the true state of the economy. Economic growth crucially depends on the availability of progressive structural changes in the economic structure of economic activity. When developing measures to stimulate positive structural changes and prevent negative trends one should take into account the results of a retrospective analysis of complex economic structure by the Vedas. This analysis can be successfully implemented on the basis of National Accounts of Ukraine. The fall of the Ukrainian economy was logical result of the quality economic growth before the crisis, which was caused mainly by two factors: the rise in prices for Ukrainian exports as a result of acceleration of global growth and strong domestic demand, which stimulated soft monetary policy and a substantial increase in bank lending by foreign capital. The worsening economic situation the world's natural, given the high level of vulnerability of the Ukrainian economy led to the deployment of the system in our country the economic crisis. A significant decrease in production occurred in all major sectors, except agriculture, which resulted in significant reduction in GDP falling, export revenues led to tangible hryvnia devaluation. Over the period Ukraine was the state in which the production and export of raw dominant component and low value-added goods and services, exports of goods declined, particularly reduced by half the amount of steel exports, accounting for over 25% of total exports and industrial production. The result of these trends is to reduce the gross regional product per capita after a decade of increase of 3.8%. These stages showed different levels of adaptation to the challenges of our regions, outdated and inefficient economic structure of the regions.